NSFGEO-NERC Solving the enigma of the Miocene South Asian monsoon conundrum. An analog to our future

NSFGEO-NERC 解决中新世南亚季风难题。

• 批准号: NE/X015505/1
• 负责人: Paul Valdes
• 金额: $ 27.57万
• 依托单位: University of Bristol
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FX015505%2F1
• 关键词: NSFGEO; NERC; Solving; enigma; Miocene

The evolution of the South Asian Monsoon represents the multi-sphere interactions that involve lithosphere (the uplift of Tibetan Plateau), atmosphere (monsoonal circulations), hydrosphere (hydrological cycle), and biosphere (e.g., terrestrial ecology evolution - C4-grassland expansion and ocean productivity). Therefore, the South Asian Monsoon research is directly related to the compelling, high-priority science questions, as identified in [A Vision for NSF Earth Sciences 2020-2030: Earth in Time (2020)], including Question 6 (What are the causes and consequences of topographic change?) Question 8 (What does Earth's past reveal about the dynamics of the climate system?) Question 9 (How is Earth's water cycle changing?) and Question 10 (How do biogeochemical cycles evolve?) (National Academies of Sciences and Medicine, 2020). Hence the study of the South Asian monsoon is exemplary in Earth System Science research.Because of the nature of multi-sphere interactions, the South Asian Monsoon is manifest with multiple facets. It is characterized by the marked seasonal precipitation, high relevance to chemical weathering of silicate rocks and the efficiency of carbon burial, interannual reversal wind fields, ocean cooling, biogenic bloom, and expansion of oxygen minimum zone (e.g., Betzler et al., 2017; France-Lanord et al., 2016; Pandey et al., 2016). Decades of efforts have focused on characterizing those features of South Asian Monsoon; the accumulation of results has revolutionized our knowledge of South Asian Monsoon by offering long-term time series of evolutionary history from different perspectives to link the above phenomenon. However, due to the nature of multiple facets of the South Asian Monsoon, a vital issue arose, which reflects on the divergent observations and contradictory interpretations of the monsoon strength. Proxy studies from the ocean and terrestrial records give very opposite views on the South Asian monsoon: records of physical, chemical, and biological features of the North Indian Ocean reveal that the monsoon-induced upwelling has been strengthened between ca. 13 Ma and 8 Ma. The strengthening of upwelling is characterized by the rapid cooling of sea surface temperatures, the spike increases of cold water-dwelling foraminifera - the global bulloides, and the expansion of oxygen minimum zone; while terrestrial records reveal that the monsoonal precipitation became weaker, the climate became drier that drove the C4-grassland expansion, and chemical weathering lost its efficiency during the similar time interval.We organized a US-UK team (with six PIs from four institutes). We proposed to use an integrated approach that combines the strength of organic geochemistry proxy and numerical modeling studies. We aim to reconstruct a long-term history of the South Asian monsoon since the mid-Miocene to characterize the regional precipitation pattern, the ocean production, and ocean circulation patterns reflecting changes in chemical and physical conditions. We will then establish and delineate the linkages between the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, the evolution of monsoonal circulation, and ocean production in the context of numerical modeling simulations.

南亚季风的演变代表了涉及岩石圈（藏族高原的隆起），大气（季风循环），水圈（水圈）和生物圈（例如，地面生态学进化-C4-Grassland扩张和海洋生产率）的多球相互作用。因此，南亚季风研究与引人入胜的高优先级科学问题直接相关，如[NSF地球科学的愿景2020-2030：及时地球（2020）]，包括问题6（地形变化的原因和后果和后果是什么？循环进化了吗？）（国家科学与医学学院，2020年）。因此，对南亚季风的研究在地球系统科学研究中是典范的。由于多个球相互作用的性质，南亚季风却具有多个方面。它的特征是季节性降水量明显，与硅酸盐岩石的化学风化以及碳埋葬的效率高，年际逆转风场，海洋冷却，生物植物繁殖以及氧气最低区域的扩张（例如，Betzler等人，2017年； Farance-Lanord等，2016; Pandey et al。数十年的努力集中在描述南亚季风的特征。结果的积累通过从不同的角度提供了上述现象，从而彻底改变了我们对南亚季风的了解。但是，由于南亚季风的多个方面的性质，出现了一个至关重要的问题，它反映了对季风强度的不同观察和矛盾的解释。来自海洋和地面记录的代理研究对南亚季风的看法非常相反：北印度洋的物理，化学和生物学特征记录表明，季风引起的上升流已经得到加强。 13 MA和8 MA。上升流的增强的特征是海面温度的快速冷却，冷水有孔虫的尖峰增加 - 全球小ulo子，以及氧最小区域的膨胀；尽管陆地记录表明季风降水变得较弱，但气候变得更干燥，驱动C4-Grassland扩展，化学风化在相似的时间间隔内失去了效率。我们组织了一个US-UK团队（来自四个研究所的六个PI）。我们建议使用一种综合方法，该方法结合了有机地球化学的强度和数值建模研究。自中期以来，我们的目标是重建南亚季风的长期历史，以表征区域降水模式，海洋生产和海洋循环模式，反映了化学和物理状况的变化。然后，我们将在数值建模模拟的背景下建立并描述藏族高原的隆升，季风循环的演变与海洋生产之间的联系。

项目成果

Limits of oxygen isotope palaeoaltimetry in Tibet

• DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118040
• 发表时间: 2023-03
• 期刊: Earth and Planetary Science Letters
• 影响因子: 5.3
• 作者: A. Farnsworth;P. Valdes;L. Ding;R. Spicer;Shi-Hu Li;Tao Su;Shufeng Li;C. Witkowski;Zhongyu Xio

Phylogenomic Analyses Reveal Widespread Gene Flow During the Early Radiation of Oaks and Relatives (Fagaceae: Quercoideae)

• DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.25.538215
• 发表时间: 2023-04
• 期刊: bioRxiv
• 作者: Shuiyin Liu;Yingying Yang;Qin Tian;Zhiyun Yang;Shufeng Li;P. Valdes;A. Farnsworth;H. Kates;C. Siniscalchi;R. Guralnick;D. Soltis;P. Soltis;Gregory W. Stull;R. Folk;T. Yi