COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION OF OUT OF TREATMENT INJECTION DRUG USERS (IDU'S)

停止治疗注射吸毒者 (IDU) 的社区动员

• 批准号: 6111377
• 负责人: Thomas J. Coates
• 金额: $ 49.87万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-25 至 1999-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6111377
• 关键词: AIDS education /prevention; AIDS therapy; HIV infections; behavior modification; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; clinical trials; communicable disease control; community health services; education evaluation /planning; ethnic group; health behavior; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human subject; hypodermic needle; information dissemination; intravenous drug abuse; medical outreach /case finding; peer group; serotyping; sex behavior; social support network

As the U.S. HIV epidemic continues to unfold, injection drug use accounts for an ever increasing proportion of HIV infections. Current prevention efforts have failed to adequately slow the spread of HIV among injection drug users, Community interventions have been successful in promoting a wide variety of health behaviors but are only now beginning to be tried in efforts to prevent HIV. We propose to evaluate a multifocal community intervention to slow the spread of HIV among out-of-treatment injection drug users. The project combines the principles of community ethnography to identify and gain access to social networks of drug users, and diffusion theory to mobilize drug user's natural social networks around community norms for safer injection and safer sex. We will: . Evaluate the intervention's impact upon community norms for safer injection drug use and safer sex. . Examine the intervention's impact in promoting safer injection and safer sex. . Assess relationships between exposure to individual intervention components and safer behaviors. . Assess the extent to which peer support and peer communication mediate the effect of the intervention on study outcomes. . Estimate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the intervention in averting new HIV infections. The evaluation of the intervention entails surveys of injection drug users conducted continuously in the intervention community (Sacramento) and comparison community (San Diego) before, during, and after implementation of the intervention in Sacramento. One thousand (1,000) survey respondents (500 each in Sacramento an San Diego) each year will be interviewed annually in years 1 through 4 of the study. The intervention, implemented in years 2 and 3, is designed to reach all injecting drug users in the community. The intervention consists of six interlocking components that can be implemented by a five person outreach team. The components include; 1) social network-targeted outreach; 2) a grassroots social network intervention designed to build community norms and peer support for risk reduction; 3) a high volume mobile needle-exchange; 4) an advocacy group organized by and for injection drug users; 5) specialized media targeted to drug users; 6) and a community advisory board composed of representatives of community agencies serving injection drug users to assure consistent dissemination of prevention messages. Data analysis will compare trends in community norms for safer injection and safe sex and preventive behaviors across cities to assess the effectiveness of the intervention.

随着美国艾滋病毒疫情持续蔓延，注射毒品使用情况 艾滋病毒感染比例不断增加。 当前预防 努力未能充分减缓艾滋病毒在注射剂中的传播 吸毒者、社区干预措施已成功促进 各种各样的健康行为，但现在才开始尝试 努力预防艾滋病毒。 我们建议评估多焦点社区 减缓艾滋病毒在治疗外注射中传播的干预措施 吸毒者。 该项目结合了社区民族志的原则 识别并进入吸毒者的社交网络并进行扩散 动员吸毒者围绕社区的自然社交网络的理论 更安全注射和更安全性行为的规范。 我们将： 。 评估干预措施对社区规范的影响，以确保安全 注射毒品的使用和安全性行为。 。 检查干预措施对促进更安全注射和更安全的影响 性别。 。 评估个体干预暴露之间的关系 组件和更安全的行为。 。 评估同伴支持和同伴沟通的调解程度 干预对研究结果的影响。 。 估计干预措施的有效性和成本效益 避免新的艾滋病毒感染。 干预措施的评估需要对注射吸毒者进行调查 在干预社区（萨克拉门托）持续进行 实施前、实施期间和实施后的比较社区（圣地亚哥） 对萨克拉门托的干预。 一千 (1,000) 名调查受访者 （萨克拉门托和圣地亚哥各 500 人）每年都会接受采访 在研究的第 1 年至第 4 年每年进行一次。 干预措施已实施 在第二年和第三年，旨在覆盖该地区所有注射吸毒者 社区。 该干预措施由六个相互关联的部分组成， 可由五人外展团队实施。 这些组件包括： 1) 有针对性的社交网络外展； 2）草根社交网络 旨在建立社区规范和同伴风险支持的干预措施 减少; 3) 大容量移动式换针器； 4）倡导小组 由注射吸毒者组织并为其服务； 5）有针对性的专业媒体 吸毒者； 6) 以及一个由以下人员组成的社区咨询委员会 为注射吸毒者提供服务的社区机构代表 确保预防信息的一致传播。 数据分析将 比较安全注射和安全性行为的社区规范趋势， 跨城市的预防行为，以评估预防措施的有效性 干涉。