DEFINING NUTRITIONAL BOTTLENECKS OF REEF CORAL GROWTH AND STRESS TOLERANCE

定义珊瑚礁珊瑚生长和压力耐受性的营养瓶颈

• 批准号: NE/T001364/1
• 负责人: Joerg Wiedenmann
• 金额: $ 69.31万
• 依托单位: University of Southampton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FT001364%2F1
• 关键词: DEFINING; NUTRITIONAL; BOTTLENECKS; REEF; CORAL

Among the most charismatic and diverse ecosystems on Earth, coral reefs sustain >25% of all marine biodiversity in only <1% of ocean surface area and the livelihoods of >0.5 billion people. Yet the habitat-building corals are acutely vulnerable to anthropogenic change. Best studied are the threats posed to coral reefs by ocean warming. Perturbations to the natural nutrient environment also represent an existential danger, but why is this the case? This question has old origins. More than 175 years after Charles Darwin's seminal observation, we still lack a convincing mechanistic explanation as to why reef corals thrive, sustaining exceptionally high rates of biological production, in nutrient-poor oceanic regions. The answer is certainly rooted in the symbiotic association between endocellular microalgae ("zooxanthellae") and the coral animal host but the physiological processes involved are far from understood. Recent field studies fundamentally contradict existing models for symbiosis functioning by suggesting that corals source most of their nutrients from the water column as dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphorus (DIP) but there is no known mechanism for such a process in coral animals. Our work (pilot study results herein) suggests that corals "graze" on their symbiont population, providing a novel mechanism for DIN and DIP transfer to the host. We propose to transform our understanding of nutrient cycling and symbiosis in corals worldwide by testing the grazing hypothesis in ten representative reef-building species.We will: (i) Document DIN and DIP uptake and utilisation by symbiont-grazing through (15N) isotopic labelling and elemental analysis in controlled long-term experiments. ii) Quantify the efficiency of nutrient incorporation by symbiont-grazing versus zooplankton-feeding and compare the resulting effects on coral growth and stress tolerance. iii) Determine how present-day and projected future ocean temperature and pH influence the utilisation of dissolved inorganic nutrients and shape coral growth and symbiosis functioning.We will also undertake a broad range of impact-promoting activities including a knowledge transfer workshop. For this event, we will bring stakeholders in coral reef management and policy development together with leading specialists in coral reef nutrient biology, spatial ecology and biogeochemical modelling to translate our findings into advice for policy makers and coral reef management.

在地球上最具魅力和多样化的生态系统中，珊瑚礁仅在<1％的海洋表面积和55亿人口的生计中占所有海洋生物多样性的25％。然而，栖息地建造珊瑚非常容易受到人为变化的影响。最好的研究是海洋变暖对珊瑚礁构成的威胁。对自然营养环境的扰动也代表了存在的危险，但是为什么情况呢？这个问题具有旧的起源。查尔斯·达尔文（Charles Darwin）的开创性观察175年以来，我们仍然缺乏令人信服的机理解释，即为什么珊瑚礁珊瑚在营养贫困的海洋地区蓬勃发展，持续持续的生物生产率异常高。答案无疑植根于内细胞微藻（“ Zooxanthellae”）与珊瑚动物宿主之间的共生相关性，但所涉及的生理过程远未理解。最近的现场研究从根本上与共生功能的现有模型相矛盾，这表明珊瑚从水柱中获取大部分养分，因为它们是溶解的无机氮（DIN）和磷（DIP），但在珊瑚动物中没有这种过程的已知机制。我们的工作（本文中的试点研究结果）表明，珊瑚对他们的共生群体“放牧”，为DIN和倾斜转移提供了一种新型的机制。我们建议通过测试十种代表性礁石建造物种中的放牧假设来改变全球珊瑚营养循环和共生的理解。 ii）通过共生保湿与浮游动物量来量化营养成分的效率，并比较对珊瑚生长和胁迫耐受性的影响。 iii）确定当今和预计未来的海洋温度和pH值如何影响溶解的无机养分的利用，并塑造珊瑚的生长以及共生的功能。我们还将开展广泛的影响力促进活动，包括知识转移研讨会。在此活动中，我们将将利益相关者与珊瑚礁营养生物学，空间生态学和生物地球化学建模领域的主要专家一起在珊瑚礁管理和政策制定中进行，以将我们的发现转化为对政策制定者和珊瑚礁管理的建议。

项目成果

Revival of Philozoon Geddes for host-specialized dinoflagellates, 'zooxanthellae', in animals from coastal temperate zones of northern and southern hemispheres

• DOI: 10.1080/09670262.2021.1914863
• 发表时间: 2021-06-28
• 期刊: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: LaJeunesse, Todd C.;Wiedenmann, Joerg;Suggett, David J.
• 通讯作者: Suggett, David J.

Geochemical responses of scleractinian corals to nutrient stress

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2023.04.011
• 发表时间: 2023-04
• 期刊: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: C. Standish;T. B. Chalk;M. Saeed;F. Lei;M. C. Buckingham;C. D. ’. Angelo;J. Wiedenmann;G. Foster;C. Rollion-Bard

Author Correction: Reef-building corals farm and feed on their photosynthetic symbionts.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06584-6
• 发表时间: 2023-09
• 期刊: NATURE
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Wiedenmann, Joerg;D'Angelo, Cecilia;Mardones, M. Loreto;Moore, Shona;Benkwitt, Cassandra E.;Graham, Nicholas A. J.;Hambach, Bastian;Wilson, Paul A.;Vanstone, James;Eyal, Gal;Ben-Zvi, Or;Loya, Yossi;Genin, Amatzia
• 通讯作者: Genin, Amatzia

Seabirds boost coral reef resilience.

• DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj0390
• 发表时间: 2023-12-08
• 期刊: SCIENCE ADVANCES
• 影响因子: 13.6
• 作者: Benkwitt, Cassandra E.;D'Angelo, Cecilia;Dunn, Ruth E.;Gunn, Rachel L.;Healing, Samuel;Mardones, M. Loreto;Wiedenmann, Joerg;Wilson, Shaun K.;Graham, Nicholas A. J.
• 通讯作者: Graham, Nicholas A. J.

Mutualistic dinoflagellates with big disparities in ribosomal DNA variation may confound estimates of symbiont diversity and ecology in the jellyfish Cotylorhiza tuberculata

核糖体 DNA 变异差异巨大的互惠甲藻可能会混淆水母 Cotylorhiza tuberculata 中共生体多样性和生态学的估计

• DOI: 10.1007/s13199-022-00880-x
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Symbiosis
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: LaJeunesse, Todd C.;Casado-Amezúa, Pilar;Hume, Benjamin C.;Butler, Caleb C.;Mordret, Solenn;Piredda, Roberta;De Luca, Pasquale;Pannone, Raimondo;Sarno, Diana;Wiedenmann, Joerg
• 通讯作者: Wiedenmann, Joerg