Understanding the exceptional heat tolerance of reef corals from the Persian/Arabian Gulf

了解波斯/阿拉伯湾珊瑚礁的卓越耐热性

• 批准号: NE/K00641X/1
• 负责人: Joerg Wiedenmann
• 金额: $ 47.95万
• 依托单位: University of Southampton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FK00641X%2F1
• 关键词: Understanding; exceptional; heat; tolerance; reef

Shallow water coral reefs are on decline at a global scale and are expected to be lost within this century. The increasing frequency and intensity of heat stress episodes have been identified as the major threat to reefs survival. The impact of high temperature on corals can be exacerbated by regional factors such as pollution of coastal seawater. In the Persian/Arabian Gulf (hereafter: "the Gulf") corals are exposed to elevated salinity levels and unusual nutrient concentrations. At the same time, they endure extreme temperature maxima that would kill corals elsewhere on the planet. Despite the crucial role of the lipid composition of zooxanthellae in defining the susceptibility of reef corals to heat stress, the specific lipid signature characterising the symbionts of Gulf corals is as yet completely unexplored. The proposed study will address this knowledge gap by applying a mass spectrometric (MS) approach to compare the lipid profiles of zooxanthellae from Gulf corals flourishing in an extreme temperature habitat (Abu Dhabi, UAE) with those of conspecifics that experience typical tropical conditions in the Indo/South Pacific (Hoga Island, Fiji). We will analyse samples from the two field sites collected at different seasons over a year. In parallel, we will monitor changes in the physicochemical environment over the same period. This strategy will identify key differences in the quantitative / qualitative lipid composition of zooxanthellae associated with coral survival at high temperature and with the dynamic response to changes in environmental conditions. We will use our established laboratory strains of Porites lobata originating from the Gulf and the Pacific to examine how altered temperature, nutrient concentrations and salinity individually affect the lipid complement of zooxanthellae. The experiments under controlled conditions will allow us to test our hypothesis that the unique physicochemical environment of the Gulf promotes thermotolerance of corals by altering the lipid composition of zooxanthellae. The comparative approach of this project will be enabled by the highly complementary expertise of the participating scientists (coral physiology/molecular biology/biochemistry; lipid biology/mass spectrometry & biogeochemistry). The project will benefit from excellent project partners (Burt, Voolstra, Suggett, Smith) that provide substantial in-kind contributions and from the support of a large international consortium of stakeholders from academia, industry, governmental and non-governmental organizations concerned with the coral ecosystems of the Gulf.

浅水珊瑚礁在全球范围内正在下降，预计将在本世纪内丢失。热应激发作的频率和强度的增加已被确定为对礁石存活的主要威胁。高温对珊瑚的影响可能会因沿海海水污染等区域因素加剧。在波斯/阿拉伯海湾（以下：“海湾”）珊瑚的盐度水平升高和不寻常的营养浓度。同时，它们忍受了极端温度最高，这将杀死地球上其他地方的珊瑚。尽管Zooxanthellae脂质组成在定义珊瑚礁珊瑚对热应激的敏感性方面的作用至关重要，但表征海湾珊瑚共生体的特定脂质特征尚未完全探索。拟议的研究将通过采用质谱（MS）方法来解决这一知识差距，以比较在极端温度栖息地（阿布扎比，阿联酋阿布扎比）中繁荣的Zooxanthellae的脂质曲线与在印度/南太平洋（Hoga岛，Hoga Island，Fiji，fiji）经历典型热带条件的同种异体繁殖的繁荣。我们将分析一年多以来在不同季节收集的两个现场地点的样品。同时，我们将在同一时期监视物理化学环境的变化。该策略将确定在高温下与珊瑚生存相关的Zooxanthellae的定量 /定性脂质组成以及对环境条件变化的动态响应的关键差异。我们将使用源自海湾和太平洋的porites小叶的实验室菌株来检查温度，养分浓度和盐度的变化如何分别影响Zooxanthellae的脂质补体。在受控条件下的实验将使我们能够检验我们的假设，即海湾的独特物理化学环境通过改变Zooxanthellae的脂质组成来促进珊瑚的耐热性。该项目的比较方法将通过参与科学家的高度互补专业知识（珊瑚生理/分子生物学/生物化学；脂质生物学/质谱和生物地球化学）来实现。该项目将受益于优秀的项目合作伙伴（Burt，Voolstra，Suggett，Smith），这些伙伴提供了实物的实物贡献，并得到了来自学术界，工业，政府和非政府组织与Gulf珊瑚生态系统有关的大型国际利益相关者的支持。

项目成果

Fine-Scale Biogeographical Boundary Delineation and Sub-population Resolution in the Symbiodinium thermophilum Coral Symbiont Group From the Persian/Arabian Gulf and Gulf of Oman

波斯/阿拉伯湾和阿曼湾嗜热共生藻珊瑚共生群的精细生物地理边界划分和亚群分辨率

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2018.00138
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Frontiers in Marine Science
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Hume B

Spectral Diversity and Regulation of Coral Fluorescence in a Mesophotic Reef Habitat in the Red Sea.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128697
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Eyal G;Wiedenmann J;Grinblat M;D'Angelo C;Kramarsky-Winter E;Treibitz T;Ben-Zvi O;Shaked Y;Smith TB;Harii S;Denis V;Noyes T;Tamir R;Loya Y
• 通讯作者: Loya Y

Local adaptation constrains the distribution potential of heat-tolerant Symbiodinium from the Persian/Arabian Gulf.

• DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2015.80
• 发表时间: 2015-12
• 期刊: The ISME journal
• 作者: D'Angelo C;Hume BC;Burt J;Smith EG;Achterberg EP;Wiedenmann J
• 通讯作者: Wiedenmann J

Phosphorus metabolism of reef organisms with algal symbionts

• DOI: 10.1002/ecm.1217
• 发表时间: 2016-08
• 期刊: Ecological Monographs
• 影响因子: 6.1
• 作者: C. Ferrier‐Pagès;C. Godinot;C. D’Angelo;J. Wiedenmann;R. Grover

FRET-Mediated Long-Range Wavelength Transformation by Photoconvertible Fluorescent Proteins as an Efficient Mechanism to Generate Orange-Red Light in Symbiotic Deep Water Corals.

• DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071174
• 发表时间: 2017-07-04
• 期刊: International journal of molecular sciences
• 影响因子: 5.6
• 作者: Bollati E;Plimmer D;D'Angelo C;Wiedenmann J
• 通讯作者: Wiedenmann J