STRESS INDUCED INCREASES IN ALCOHOL EFFECTS

压力引起的酒精效应增加

• 批准号: 6062448
• 负责人: JOHN E MCGEARY
• 金额: $ 2.23万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-06-01 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6062448
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; corticosteroid inhibitor; cortisol; dopamine; emotions; euphoria; heart rate; hormone regulation /control mechanism; human subject; injury /disease stressor; metyrapone; psychological reinforcement

This application proposes three studies that investigate the role of the stress in mediating alcohol's positive reinforcement effects. Alcohol's positive reinforcement is partly provided by the mesolimbic dopamine system. Corticosteroids (cort), stress hormones released during conditions of stress and after alcohol use, have been shown to moderate dopamine activation. A blockade of cort synthesis leads to decreased self administration of alcohol and other drugs of abuse, perhaps by disrupting the positive reinforcement and subjective experience of euphoria. To test this hypothesis in humans, three studies are proposed: 1) Study 1, with 23 subjects per condition, will cross alcohol/placebo with shock/no shock to determine if cortisol release is additive and to establish its effects on self- reported euphoria; and, 2) Study 2 will use a blockade of cortisol by Metyrapone to investigate the role of HPA activation in response to alcohol, stress and their interaction.

该申请提出了三项研究，调查压力在调节酒精的积极强化作用中的作用。酒精的正强化部分是由中脑边缘多巴胺系统提供的。皮质类固醇 (cort) 是在压力条件下和饮酒后释放的应激激素，已被证明可以调节多巴胺的激活。皮质合成的阻断会导致酒精和其他滥用药物的自我管理减少，这可能是通过破坏欣快感的积极强化和主观体验来实现的。为了在人类中检验这一假设，提出了三项研究： 1) 研究 1，每种情况有 23 名受试者，将酒精/安慰剂与休克/无休克交叉，以确定皮质醇释放是否具有累加性，并确定其对自我报告的欣快感的影响; 2) 研究 2 将使用 Metyrapone 阻断皮质醇来研究 HPA 激活在酒精、压力及其相互作用中的作用。