An Integrated Study of Air Pollutant Sources in the Delhi National Capital Region (NCR)

德里国家首都地区 (NCR) 空气污染物源综合研究

基本信息

批准号：
NE/P016499/1
负责人：
William Bloss
金额：
$ 116.48万
依托单位：
University of Birmingham
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FP016499%2F1
关键词：
Integrated Study Air Pollutant Sources

项目摘要

Delhi was rated the most polluted city in the world for ambient air pollution by the WHO in 2014. Some 46 million people live in and around Delhi - 18m in the city, and the remainder in the surrounding National Capital Region (NCR). Annual mean levels of particulate matter (PM), the most important air pollutant for health in Delhi, exceeded WHO guidelines by a factor of 15 during 2014, and are responsible for very substantial chronic and acute health impacts, with attendant economic costs. Development of effective strategies for improvement in air quality requires quantitative understanding of the sources, formation processes, regional budgets and chemical and physical nature of airborne particulate matter; however, such knowledge is not yet available. ASAP-Delhi addresses this requirement: The project will provide a quantitative assessment of the sources, characteristics, abundance and formation processes for PM in Delhi and the surrounding NCR. The project is designed to address key science questions (below), with a philosophy of obtaining insights into pollutant sources and budgets from high quality direct observation - i.e. based upon measurement of the species actually present in the air at ground level within Delhi, without dependence upon other data. The project represents a focussed collaboration between leading researchers from the UK (Birmingham, Surrey) and India (IITD, NPL), who have a track record of successful joint collaboration and publications from previous funded air quality projects in Delhi.ASAP-Delhi will (i) perform the most detailed physical and chemical characterisation of PM present in Delhi, and in the surrounding National Capital Region (NCR) to date; (ii) produce source profiles (chemical signatures) for the principal PM sources in Delhi; (iii) identify and quantify the contributions of different sources to the PM burden in Delhi (and the NCR) - for both PM mass concentration and particle number [with differing implications for health], by application of multiple, independent, established and novel receptor modelling approaches, such as chemical mass balance, radiocarbon, and number size distribution based source apportionment; (iv) estimate the impact of NCR emissions upon air quality in Delhi (key to effective regional air quality policy) and (v) evaluate a series of new hypotheses for the formation of PM during pollution episodes, essential for accurate model predictions of future PM levels.We will address these objectives through a series of field observations, combining online measurements with state-of-the-science offline analyses, in Delhi (urban background locations - year round sampling combined with two "intensives"), the surrounding NCR (seasonal measurements at five sites) and a rural background location (150 km upwind). Our measurement strategy combines (i) established methodologies - to deliver a high quality, systematic, coherent measurement dataset, with a novel spatial distribution - and (ii) new state-of-the-science tools and analytical approaches. This provides a balance between international quality observations (in support of ASAP-Delhi and other programme components) and novel metrics, whilst also recognising the realities of fieldwork in such environments. ASAP-Delhi will draw upon results of other projects in the APHH India programme, and will provide the key observational insights in support of air quality model development, evaluation of human health impacts, and development of mitigation policies in the wider programme. In addressing public health, policy and development issues, and providing a platform to enhance air pollution research in India, ASAP-Delhi addresses the ODA support categories of (i) people and (ii) research programmes, in addition to providing a step-change in understanding of the sources of PM in Delhi (the key insight required by policymakers).

德里在2014年被认为是世界上对环境污染的最严重污染的城市。2014年，大约有4600万人居住在德里及其周围的1800万人，其余的人在周围国家首都地区（NCR）。年度颗粒物（PM）的年平均水平是德里健康污染物，超过了WHO的指南，在2014年期间超过15倍，并承担着非常重大的慢性和急性健康影响，并带有随之而来的经济成本。制定改善空气质量的有效策略需要对空气中颗粒物的来源，形成过程，区域预算以及化学和物理性质的定量了解；但是，这些知识尚不可用。 ASAP-DELHI解决了这一要求：该项目将对德里和周围NCR的PM的来源，特征，丰度和形成过程进行定量评估。该项目旨在解决关键的科学问题（下），其理念是从高质量直接观察中获得对污染物来源和预算的见解 - 即基于对德里境内空中实际存在的物种实际存在的物种，而无需依赖其他数据。该项目代表了英国（伯明翰，萨里）的主要研究人员与印度（IITD，NPL）之间的重点合作，他们在德里（Delhi.asap-Delhi Will）的先前资助的空气质量项目中拥有成功的联合合作和出版物的记录，并在德里（Delhi）和周围国家（NCR）（NCR）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）（ncr）; （ii）为德里的主要PM来源产生源概况（化学特征）；（iii）通过应用多种，独立，建立和新颖的受体建模方法，例如化学质量平衡，放射性碳和基于数量的分布分布的源比例；（iv）估计NCR排放对德里的空气质量的影响（有效的区域空气质量政策的关键）和（v）评估一系列新的假设，用于在污染事件期间形成PM的新假设，对于未来PM级别的准确模型预测至关重采样与两个“强化”），周围的NCR（五个地点的季节性测量值）和一个农村背景位置（上风150 km）。我们的测量策略结合了（i）建立的方法 - 以提供高质量，系统的，连贯的测量数据集以及新型的空间分布 - 以及（ii）新的科学工具和分析方法。这在国际质量观察（支持ASAP-DELHI和其他程序组件）与新颖指标之间提供了平衡，同时也认识到在这种环境中的现实现实。 ASAP-DELHI将借鉴APHH印度计划中其他项目的结果，并将提供主要的观察见解，以支持空气质量模型开发，对人类健康影响的评估以及制定更广泛计划中的缓解政策。在解决公共卫生，政策和发展问题，并提供一个平台以增强印度的空气污染研究时，ASAP-DELHI还解决了（i）人和（ii）研究计划的ODA支持类别，除了对Delhi PM的来源提供逐步改变（政策制定者所需的关键见解）。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Supplementary material to "Measurement Report: Interpretation of Wide Range Particulate Matter Size Distributions in Delhi"

补充材料

DOI：
10.5194/acp-2021-860-supplement
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Sahin Ü
通讯作者：
Sahin Ü

Chemical source profiles of fine particles for five different sources in Delhi.

DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129913
发表时间：
2021-07
期刊：
Chemosphere
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
S. Hama;Prashant Kumar;M. S. Alam;D. Rooney;W. Bloss;Zongbo Shi;R. Harrison;L. Crilley;
通讯作者：
S. Hama;Prashant Kumar;M. S. Alam;D. Rooney;W. Bloss;Zongbo Shi;R. Harrison;L. Crilley;

Effect of aerosol composition on the performance of low-cost optical particle counter correction factors

气溶胶成分对低成本光学粒子计数器校正因子性能的影响