Including Tree Diversity In Predictions Of Tropical Forest Drought Responses

将树木多样性纳入热带森林干旱响应的预测中

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    NE/N014022/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 65.6万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2016 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Tropical forests are one of the world's most important ecosystems; they are a biodiversity hot spot, store vast quantities of carbon, mitigate climate change, and influence global weather patterns. Predicting how these tropical forests will respond to climate change is a priority for making global policy decisions. Prolonged reductions in soil moisture and acute drought events are predicted to be a key threat to tropical forest in the coming century. The fate of tropical forests if exposed to drought in the future will depend on which types of trees die and which can survive from seedling to adult. Understanding this requires knowledge of which properties trees possess that alter their risk of dying or their survivorship during drought, as well as how these properties change between trees of different types, ages or heights. Currently most vegetation models used to predict the responses of tropical forest responses to future climate change only consider there to be one or two fixed types of tropical tree. They only account for very limited differences in how trees of different canopy heights and positions respond to drought. Therefore these models are currently unlikely to capture the variations in drought responses from real-world diversity in tree properties and which will ultimately determine the resilience of tropical forests to drought stress. Representing the dependency of tropical forest drought responses on the diversity of tree properties in vegetation models is complex. It requires new data on how trees of different functional types and developmental stages respond to prolonged exposure to drought stress. My aim is to collect the data necessary to understand how drought survivorship of tropical trees is related to tree properties and their variation throughout a trees development in drought conditions. I will use this data to develop vegetation models and provide a step change in how they represent tropical forest drought responses. I have the exciting opportunity to use the longest running tropical forest drought experiment in the world, a site where 50% of incoming rainfall has been excluded for the last 15 years. Here I will test if tropical trees at different developmental stages and with different properties respond differently to long-term drought stress and how this influences mortality risk. I will make detailed physiological measurements of properties associated with a trees ability to survive in drought, on important tree taxa of different size classes; these taxa will include species found to be highly sensitive and resistant to drought stress. To accompany this study, seedlings from the focal taxa will be grown in a seedling drought experiment which will be used to test if drought resistance in seedlings increases following prior exposure to drought. Finally seedlings from mother trees which have been exposed to 15 years of experimental drought and seedlings from those which have not been exposed to drought will be grown in lab conditions and subjected to various soil drought conditions. This will test if prior exposure to drought in mother trees induces production of seedling which are more drought-resistant.My research will create the only data-set which is able to test how functional properties, developmental stage and drought exposure control the risk of drought-induced mortality and which types of tree are most likely to survive from seedling to adult to sustain tropical forests under future drought conditions. This will provide a unique opportunity for my model development work, using a hierarchy of models from the scale of a single tree model to a dynamic global vegetation model. My ultimate goal is to represent the important differences in drought responses, based on a trees canopy position and the properties it possesses, to enable more accurate predictions of how tropical forests will respond to future climate change.
热带森林是世界上最重要的生态系统之一。它们是生物多样性的热点,存储大量碳,减轻气候变化并影响全球天气模式。预测这些热带森林将如何应对气候变化是做出全球政策决策的优先事项。预计在未来世纪,土壤水分和急性干旱事件的长期减少被预计是对热带森林的关键威胁。如果将来暴露于干旱,热带森林的命运将取决于哪种类型的树木死亡,哪些可以从幼苗到成人生存。理解这需要了解树木所具有的特性,从而改变了它们在干旱期间死亡或生存的风险,以及这些特性如何在不同类型,年龄或高度的树木之间发生变化。目前,大多数用于预测热带森林对未来气候变化的反应的反应的植被模型仅认为有一种或两种固定类型的热带树。他们仅说明了不同冠层高度和位置的树木对干旱的反应的差异非常有限。因此,这些模型目前不太可能捕获树木特性中现实世界多样性的干旱反应变化,这最终将确定热带森林对干旱压力的弹性。代表热带森林干旱反应对植被模型中树特性多样性的依赖性很复杂。它需要有关不同功能类型和发育阶段的树木如何应对干旱压力的长期暴露的新数据。我的目的是收集所需的数据,以了解热带树木的干旱生存与树木特性及其在干旱条件下的树木发育中的变化有关。我将使用这些数据来开发植被模型,并为它们代表热带森林干旱反应的方式提供了步骤改变。我有一个令人兴奋的机会,可以使用世界上运行时间最长的热带森林干旱实验,该地点在过去15年中排除了50%的降雨量。在这里,我将测试在不同发育阶段的热带树木是否对长期干旱压力以及这如何影响死亡率风险的反应不同。我将对与树木在干旱中生存的能力相关的特性进行详细的生理测量,以不同尺寸类别的重要树类群生存;这些分类单元将包括发现对干旱胁迫的高度敏感和抵抗力的物种。为了伴随这项研究,将在幼苗干旱实验中种植来自焦点分类单元的幼苗,该实验将用于测试幼苗的耐旱性是否会在事先暴露于干旱后增加。最终,来自母木的幼苗已经暴露于15年的实验干旱和未暴露于干旱的幼苗中,将在实验室条件下生长并遭受各种土壤干旱条件。这将测试母木中事先暴露于干旱是否会引起更耐旱的幼苗产量。我的研究将创建唯一能够测试功能性能,发育阶段和干旱暴露的数据集,控制着干旱诱发的死亡率的风险以及哪种类型的树木最有可能从幼苗到成人在未来的干旱下生存。这将为我的模型开发工作提供独特的机会,使用模型的层次结构,从单个树模型的规模到动态的全球植被模型。我的最终目标是根据树冠的位置及其拥有的特性来表示干旱反应的重要差异,以更准确地预测热带森林将如何应对未来的气候变化。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(9)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
New insights into large tropical tree mass and structure from direct harvest and terrestrial lidar.
  • DOI:
    10.1098/rsos.201458
  • 发表时间:
    2021-02-10
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.5
  • 作者:
    Burt A;Boni Vicari M;da Costa ACL;Coughlin I;Meir P;Rowland L;Disney M
  • 通讯作者:
    Disney M
Differential nutrient limitation and tree height control leaf physiology, supporting niche partitioning in tropical dipterocarp forests
  • DOI:
    10.1111/1365-2435.14094
  • 发表时间:
    2022-06-29
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    5.2
  • 作者:
    Bartholomew, David C.;Banin, Lindsay F.;Rowland, Lucy
  • 通讯作者:
    Rowland, Lucy
Appendix from Modelling tropical forest responses to drought and El Niño with a stomatal optimization model based on xylem hydraulics.
附录来自使用基于木质部水力学的气孔优化模型模拟热带森林对干旱和厄尔尼诺现象的反应。
  • DOI:
    10.6084/m9.figshare.7058105
  • 发表时间:
    2018
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Cleiton B. Eller
  • 通讯作者:
    Cleiton B. Eller
Divergence of hydraulic traits among tropical forest trees across topographic and vertical environment gradients in Borneo.
  • DOI:
    10.1111/nph.18280
  • 发表时间:
    2022-09
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    9.4
  • 作者:
    Bittencourt, Paulo Roberto de Lima;Bartholomew, David C.;Banin, Lindsay F.;Bin Suis, Mohamed Aminur Faiz;Nilus, Reuben;Burslem, David F. R. P.;Rowland, Lucy
  • 通讯作者:
    Rowland, Lucy
Modelling tropical forest responses to drought and El Niño with a stomatal optimization model based on xylem hydraulics.
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Lucy Rowland其他文献

Lucy Rowland的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Lucy Rowland', 18)}}的其他基金

Using plant hydraulic scaling to predict the drought vulnerability of the world's tallest tropical trees
利用植物水力缩放来预测世界上最高的热带树木的干旱脆弱性
  • 批准号:
    NE/V000071/1
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 65.6万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
FAPESP - Restoring Neotropical dry ecosystems - is plant functional composition the key to success?
FAPESP - 恢复新热带干燥生态系统 - 植物功能组成是成功的关键吗?
  • 批准号:
    NE/S000011/1
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 65.6万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant

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  • 批准号:
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了解气候变化和二氧化碳浓度升高对树木微生物多样性的影响
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