Assessing the risk of an emerging salmonid disease

评估新出现的鲑鱼疾病的风险

• 批准号: NE/I019227/1
• 负责人: Chris Secombes
• 金额: $ 9.58万
• 依托单位: University of Aberdeen
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Training Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FI019227%2F1
• 关键词: Assessing; risk; emerging; salmonid; disease

Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) is an emerging disease of salmonid fish that is increasing in severity and geographic range. PKD is caused by the myxozoan Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (Tb) and can effect significant and sometimes catastrophic mortality in farmed and wild fish populations. PKD is believed to have contributed to declines in brown trout populations in Swiss rivers and recent outbreaks in wild fish populations in Iceland and Norway have increased the geographic range of the disease. All salmonids are susceptible and outbreaks and declines have been linked with increasing water temperatures and nutrient levels. Tb exploits highly clonal bryozoans as primary hosts and spores released into the water are infective to fish. The aim of this project is to assess the risk of PKD for wild fish populations in the UK by focusing on the disease source. Our objectives are thus to: 1) Characterise bryozoan population dynamics and the dynamics of Tb within this host. 2) Establish risk factors associated with Tb prevalence and burden in bryozoans and subsequent transmission to fish hosts. 3) Use risk models developed from epidemiological and field studies (conducted in Objective 1) to produce and validate a protocol to sample bryozoans as a surrogate for sampling wild fish in order to assess and monitor parasite levels and to produce a risk map for PKD in wild fish CASE Project Partners at the Environment Agency (EA) and Centre for Fisheries & Aquaculture Science (Cefas) will spearhead the development of statistical modelling to identify risk factors for PKD, to develop a standard operating procedure for monitoring PKD risk, and to produce a risk map. Academic supervisors will supervise the requisite epidemiological studies that will enable risk factor analysis. As a result the project will generate practical outputs of benefit to regulatory agencies (see below) and will significantly contribute to fundamental knowledge of the evolutionary ecology of hosts and parasites by characterising the interactions of colonial hosts and endoparasites in the wild and the potential effect of environmental variation on these interactions. The student would gain training in a range of transferable and technical skills and would interact broadly during research with CASE partners, fish farm partners and academic institutes. Drivers for the work How environmental conditions promote the development of PKD is poorly understood but such understanding is crucial for identifying risk factors associated with disease outbreaks and the susceptibility of wild fish populations. Due to the value of salmonid fish and the many pressures facing brown trout populations, monitoring fish health in the wild remains a serious challenge. Using bryozoans as a surrogate for monitoring PKD would provide a valuable and novel approach for managing wild fish populations, affording a basis for national monitoring and minimising future disease impacts.

增殖性肾脏疾病（PKD）是一种新兴的鲑鱼鱼疾病，严重程度和地理范围正在增加。 PKD是由粘液四链氨基硫酸氢蛋黄酱（TB）引起的，在养殖和野生鱼类种群中可能会影响重大，有时是灾难性的死亡率。据信，PKD导致瑞士河流中棕鳟鱼的下降，冰岛和挪威的野生鱼类种群最近爆发增加了这种疾病的地理范围。所有鲑鱼都是易感的，暴发和下降与水温和养分水平的升高有关。 TB利用高度克隆的bryozoans作为主要的宿主和孢子释放到水中的孢子是感染到鱼类的。该项目的目的是通过关注疾病来源来评估英国野生鱼类种群的PKD风险。因此，我们的目标是：1）表征该宿主内的Bryozoan种群动态和结核病的动力学。 2）建立与TB患病率和Bryozoans负担相关的危险因素，并随后向鱼宿主传播。 3）使用从流行病学和现场研究开发的风险模型（在目标1中进行）来制作和验证一项协议，以对野生鱼类进行取样，以评估和监测寄生虫水平，并在环境范围的野生鱼类病例伙伴（EA）和统计因素（EA）开发的危险因素（EA）的野生鱼类病例伙伴中的PKD风险图（EA）的风险图（EA制定标准操作程序以监视PKD风险并生成风险图。学术主管将监督必要的流行病学研究，以实现风险因素分析。结果，该项目将通过对宿主和寄生虫的进化生态学的基本知识来产生对监管机构的实际产出（见下文），通过表征野生殖民地宿主和内寄生物的相互作用，以及野外殖民地宿主的相互作用以及环境变化对这些相互作用的潜在影响。该学生将获得一系列可转移和技术技能的培训，并在与案例伙伴，养鱼伙伴和学术机构的研究期间进行广泛互动。驱动因素的驱动因素如何促进PKD的发展尚不清楚，但是这种理解对于识别与疾病暴发相关的危险因素和野生鱼类种群的敏感性至关重要。由于鲑鱼鱼的价值以及面临棕色鳟鱼种群的许多压力，监测野外鱼类健康仍然是一个严重的挑战。使用bryozoans作为监测PKD的替代物，将为管理野生鱼类种群提供一种有价值的新方法，为国家监测和最大程度地降低未来疾病的影响提供了基础。