FUNCTIONAL MICROCIRCUITRY OF PRIMATE OUTER RETINA

灵长类动物外视网膜的功能性微电路

• 批准号: 6180030
• 负责人: DENNIS MICHAEL DACEY
• 金额: $ 33.3万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-05-01 至 2003-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6180030
• 关键词: Macaca; color visions; cone cell; data collection methodology /evaluation; densitometry; electron microscopy; electrophysiology; horizontal cell; light adaptations; light intensity; microelectrodes; neural information processing; physical model; retinal bipolar neuron; rod cell; synapses; tissue /cell culture; visual fields; visual pathways; visual photoreceptor; visual phototransduction; visual pigments

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): The long-term objective is to understand the structure and function of the primate parallel visual pathways that originate at the first synapse in the retina, where signals from photoreceptors are transmitted to bipolar and horizontal cells. The major goals are to determine the structure of the trichromatic cone mosaic, the physiology of the cone photoreceptors, and how signals are transmitted from each cone type to a diverse array of morphologically distinct bipolar and horizontal cell types. New methods of photopigment imaging, intracellular physiology and electron microscopy will be applied to an in vitro preparation of the macaque monkey retina. The four specific aims are: (1) to determine the spatial distribution and synaptic connections of the long (L) and middle (M) wavelength-sensitive cone types using a new method of reflection densitometry and electron microscopy: the hypothesis that the L and M cone types form non-randomly distributed submosaics and are linked to synaptically distinct bipolar cells pathways to the inner retina will be tested; (2) to determine the spatial structure of the cone receptive field, testing the hypothesis that cones have a center-surround receptive field organization and that the surround confers color opponency to the light response; (3) to determine the cone connections and receptive field structure of morphologically identified cone bipolar cell types: the hypothesis that distinct cone bipolar cell types transmit both luminance and chromatically opponent signals in parallel to the inner retina will be tested; and (4) to determine the functional connections among horizontal, bipolar and cone cell types. The hypothesis that horizontal cells make feedback connections to cones and feedforward connections to bipolar cells, thereby generating the inhibitory receptive field surround in both cones and bipolar cells, will be tested. The resulting data will permit an exploration of the functional microcircuitry of the outer retina and its role in color vision, temporal sensitivity and light adaptation. Because the outer retina of the macaque is so similar to that of the human, it will provide the best and most detailed structure-function model of the human outer retina. The results are expected to contribute to a new foundation for understanding the cellular origins of human retinal disease.

描述（根据申请人的摘要改编）：长期目标是 了解灵长类动物平行视觉的结构和功能 起源于视网膜第一个突触的途径 从感光体传播到双极和水平细胞。 这 主要目标是确定三色锥体镶嵌的结构， 锥形感受器的生理学以及信号如何传输 从每种锥类型到各种形态上不同的双极 和水平细胞类型。 新方法的光化成像， 细胞内生理和电子显微镜将应用于IN 猕猴的体外制备。 四个具体目标是： （1）确定该空间分布和突触连接 使用新方法的长（L）和中部（M）波长敏感锥类型 反射密度法和电子显微镜：假设是 L和M CONE类型形成非随机分布的子体类型，并链接 对于突触不同的双极细胞通往内视网膜的路径将是 测试； （2）确定锥体接受场的空间结构， 测试锥体具有中心旋转的接收场的假设 组织和周围的颜色反对光明 回复; （3）确定锥连接和接受场 形态学鉴定的锥双极细胞类型的结构： 不同的锥双极细胞类型的假设均传递亮度和 与内部视网膜平行的配色对手信号将是 测试； （4）确定水平之间的功能连接 双极和锥细胞类型。 水平细胞使得 反馈连接到锥体并与双极细胞的馈电连接， 从而产生锥体和圆锥的抑制性接受场 双极细胞将进行测试。 结果数据将允许 探索外视网膜及其功能性微电路 在色觉，时间敏感性和光适应性中的作用。 因为 猕猴的外视网膜与人的相似之处，它将 提供人类最好，最详细的结构功能模型 外视网膜。 结果预计将为新的基础做出贡献 了解人类视网膜疾病的细胞起源。