BIOTRIBOLOGY OF DIARTHRODIAL JOINTS

关节生物摩擦学

• 批准号: 6127354
• 负责人: GERARD A. ATESHIAN
• 金额: $ 21.78万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-06-15 至 2004-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6127354
• 关键词: articular cartilage; biomechanics; joints; mechanical pressure; mechanical stress; protein degradation; surface property; synovial fluid; tissue /cell culture

DESCRIPTION (adapted from the Investigator's abstract): This is a first renewal application of an excellent, highly productive team of a Bioengineer (G. Ateshian) with a Biochemist (W. Valhmu) who are studying the mechanisms of articular cartilage lubrication and/or failure of lubrication on loading/frictional characteristics of bovine articular cartilage. Based on previous theories and experiments, the authors propose new experiments to further characterize the relationships between friction and fluid pressurization of articular cartilage. The overall theory being tested is that pressurization shifts load away from contacting cartilage surfaces, thus decreasing friction until pressurization subsides. Three relevant hypotheses are to be tested in this renewal: 1/that friction depends on interstitial fluid support load, equilibrium frictional coefficient and solid-to-solid contact; that cartilage-on-cartilage contact fraction area is smaller than cartilage on glass. 2/ under normal loading, cartilage always maintains high interstitial fluid support with low friction and 3/ enzymatic degradation will defeat interstitial load mechanisms and increase the coefficient of friction. Using a unique load-or-displacement controlled frictional testing apparatus containing a microchip pressure transducer to measure cartilage interstitial fluid pressurization directly, the authors will systematically test these hypotheses through a series of carefully thought out permutations and combinations of load-versus-displacement controlled tests. The ability to test the fluid pressures within cartilage samples under these various, well-controlled, physiologically relevant loading conditions, in order to test various theories of cartilage lubrication and friction, is extremely important and unique. The investigators provide extensive evidence that this proposal is both logical and feasible. Their background review on the topic, along with their papers on the topic over the past few years are all outstanding. They provide both strong theoretical and experimental evidence to support the concepts that they are testing. The main concept is that fluid pressurization is critical to controlling cartilage friction. They will test that theory using cartilage-on-glass tests along with some very important and unique cartilage-on-cartilage tests at stresses from 0.05Mpa-5 Mpa, frequencies of 0.0005Hz - 0.5 Hz and up to 10 percent compressive strains, with and without enzymatic (collagenase, chondroitinase ABC and hyaluronidase) treatments.

描述（改编自调查员的摘要）：这是第一个续约 应用生物工程师的优秀，高产的团队（G. Ateshian）与正在研究机制的生物化学家（W. Valhmu） 关节软骨润滑和/或润滑失败 牛关节软骨的负载/摩擦特征。基于 以前的理论和实验，作者提出了新的实验 进一步表征摩擦与流体之间的关系 关节软骨的加压。正在测试的总体理论是 加压将负载转移到接触软骨表面，因此 减少摩擦直到加压消退。三个相关假设 要在此续签中进行测试：1/摩擦取决于间质流体 支撑载荷，平衡摩擦系数和固体到固体接触； 在核对方的软骨接触部分面积小于软骨上的软骨 玻璃。 2/在正常负载下，软骨始终保持高间隙 摩擦低和3/酶促降解的流体支持将失败 间质负荷机制并增加摩擦系数。使用 独特的负载或置换控制的摩擦测试设备，包含 微芯片压力换能器，用于测量软骨间隙流体 直接加压，作者将系统地检验这些假设 通过一系列精心考虑的排列和组合 负载与置换控制测试。测试液体的能力 这些各种良好控制的软骨样品中的压力 生理上相关的加载条件，以检验各种理论 软骨润滑和摩擦是非常重要和独特的。这 调查人员提供了广泛的证据，表明该提议既合乎逻辑又 可行的。他们对该主题的背景审查以及有关该主题的论文 在过去的几年中，主题都是出色的。他们提供强大的 理论和实验证据支持它们是 测试。主要概念是流体加压对 控制软骨摩擦。他们将使用 软骨玻璃测试以及一些非常重要和独特的 在0.05MPa-5 MPa的应力下，在室内的软骨测试，频率 0.0005Hz -0.5 Hz且最高可压缩应变，有和没有 酶促（胶原酶，软骨素酶ABC和透明质酸酶）处理。