Iron Biogeochemistry in the High Latitude North Atlantic

北大西洋高纬度地区的铁生物地球化学

• 批准号: NE/E003818/1
• 负责人: Eric Achterberg
• 金额: $ 10.7万
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FE003818%2F1
• 关键词: Iron; Biogeochemistry; Latitude; North; Atlantic

The concentration of carbon dioxide has increased significantly since the start of the industrial revolution as a result of burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. Carbon dioxide influences the climate on earth and its concentration is now so high that the earth's atmosphere is warming and the weather is becoming more extreme. Small floating plants in the ocean, called phytoplankton, take up carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and that way help to reduce the atmospheric concentrations. The phytoplankton cells also need nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon to grow. Recently, it has been discovered that the phytoplankton in many regions of the world's oceans are lacking Fe. For example, in the Southern Ocean the growth of the phytoplankton cells is limited by very low Fe concentrations. Therefore, the phytoplankton in this ocean do not remove as much carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they could do under ideal conditions. Many people think that the North Atlantic Ocean receives enough Fe through dust transport from the Sahara. However, recent experiments have shown that even in the North Atlantic phytoplankton cells may be lacking Fe. In this project, we want to study whether Fe is limiting phytoplankton growth in the North Atlantic at higher latitudes (>60 N). In order to achieve this, we will take part in 3 research cruises and take samples of water, sedimenting material, and atmospheric dust and rain. We will analyse Fe and nutrients in the samples and calculate the supply ratios of Fe to N, P, C to the surface oceans, and their ratios in sedimenting material. We will use models to aid us with the calculations for the oceanic transfers of these elements. If the phytoplankton are Fe limited in the high latitude N Atlantic then it will be because the amount of Fe they get in relation to other nutrients is too low. We will also directly investigate whether Fe is limiting the growth of phytoplankton in water samples from the high latitude N Atlantic. To find this out, we will grow phytoplankton cells taken from the surface ocean in transparent bottles on the deck of the ship. We will add Fe to some bottles, whereas other bottles will receive no added Fe at all. The growth and physiological state of the phytoplankton will be determined using a number of measurements, such as pigment (chlorophyll a) concentrations. These measurements will show us whether the bottles with added Fe show a higher number of phytoplankton cells and a higher growth, compared with the bottles to which we added no Fe. The results of the proposed project will provide us with a better understanding of the role that nutrients like Fe play in the growth of phytoplankton cells in the ocean. The gathered data will help the computer modellers to design improved climate models that will allow us to better predict the extend of climate change over the next 100s of years.

自工业革命开始以来，由于化石燃料和森林砍伐，二氧化碳的浓度显着增加。二氧化碳影响地球的气候，其集中度现在如此之高，以至于地球的大气正在变暖，天气变得越来越极端。海洋中的小型漂浮植物，称为浮游植物，从大气中占据二氧化碳，这样有助于降低大气浓度。浮游植物细胞还需要氮，磷和硅等营养素才能生长。最近，已经发现，世界海洋许多地区的浮游植物缺乏FE。例如，在南大洋中，浮游植物细胞的生长受到Fe浓度非常低的限制。因此，该海洋中的浮游植物不会像理想条件下从大气中清除二氧化碳。许多人认为，北大西洋通过从撒哈拉沙漠的尘埃运输获得足够的铁。但是，最近的实验表明，即使在北大西洋浮游植物中，也可能缺乏Fe。在这个项目中，我们想研究FE是否在北大西洋上以较高的纬度（> 60 n）限制浮游植物的生长。为了实现这一目标，我们将参加3次研究巡游，并取水，沉积材料以及大气中的灰尘和雨水。我们将分析样品中的Fe和营养素，并计算Fe与N，P，C与表面海洋的供应比及其在沉积材料中的比率。我们将使用模型来帮助我们计算这些元素的海洋传输。如果浮游植物在高纬度N大西洋中受到限制，那就是因为它们与其他营养物质相关的Fe量太低。我们还将直接研究FE是否限制了高纬度N大西洋水样中浮游植物的生长。为了找到这一点，我们将种植从船甲板上透明瓶中从表面海洋中取出的浮游植物细胞。我们将在某些瓶子中添加FE，而其他瓶子将完全不会收到FE。浮游植物的生长和生理状态将使用多种测量值（例如色素（叶绿素a）浓度）确定。这些测量结果将向我们展示带有Fe的瓶子是否显示出更高数量的浮游植物细胞和更高的生长，与我们不添加Fe的瓶子相比。拟议项目的结果将使我们更好地了解FE等营养在海洋中浮游植物细胞生长中的作用。收集的数据将帮助计算机建模器设计改进的气候模型，这将使​​我们能够更好地预测未来100年代的气候变化的扩展。

项目成果

Volcanic ash as an oceanic iron source and sink

• DOI: 10.1002/2016gl067905
• 发表时间: 2016-03
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Nicholas Rogan;E. Achterberg;Frédéric A. C. Le Moigne;C. Marsay;A. Tagliabue;Richard G. Williams

A ventilation-based framework to explain the regeneration-scavenging balance of iron in the ocean

基于通风的框架来解释海洋中铁的再生-清除平衡

• DOI: 10.1002/2014gl061066
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Tagliabue A