Collaborative Research: Opening the black box of oxygen deficient zone biogeochemistry through integrative tracers

合作研究：通过综合示踪剂打开缺氧区生物地球化学黑匣子

• 批准号: 2342987
• 负责人: Karen Casciotti
• 金额: $ 64.83万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-04-01 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2342987&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Opening; black; box

The oxygen deficient zones are regions in the ocean where dissolved oxygen disappears. These regions harbor unique ecosystems only found in waters without oxygen, and they are important for Earth’s climate. Specifically, the production of nitrogen gas by two microbial processes, anammox and denitrification can control how productive the oceans are. Yet how much each process shapes ocean chemistry within these areas remains unknown. This project aims to study the oxygen deficient waters of the eastern tropical North Pacific ocean to better understand the mechanisms shaping marine nitrogen and carbon chemistry. Through this work, the project will train undergraduate and graduate students at three universities. The project aims to broaden participation in and understanding of ocean sciences by developing public videos about the methods used and the science behind the project. The investigators will conduct a research cruise in the eastern tropical North Pacific ocean, the largest oxygen deficient zone. They will measure many nutrients including inorganic carbon and nitrogen and natural abundance stable isotopes of nitrogen compounds. They will use these patterns to establish how the major reactions work together to control nitrogen cycling and gaseous nitrogen production. In addition, a high-resolution model of the ocean will reveal the influence of ocean mixing, set the timescales for reactions, and enable synthesis of the measurements into a global context. The work will determine how the input of oxygen through mixing controls chemistry, and it will distinguish between the processes restricted to the permanently anoxic core vs. those that tolerate (or are enhanced by) occasional oxygenation. Overall, the project will provide new information about nitrogen cycling pathways (anammox, denitrification, and nitrite oxidation) across the region and link the resulting isotopic signals to the global nitrogen budget.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

缺氧区域是海洋中溶解氧消失的区域。这些地区具有独特的生态系统，仅在没有氧气的水域中发现，它们对于地球气候很重要。具体而言，通过两个微生物过程，Anammox和nitriifient的生产氮气可以控制海洋的生产力。然而，每个过程在这些地区内塑造海洋化学的数量仍然未知。该项目旨在研究东部热带北太平洋的氧气防御水域，以更好地了解塑造海洋氮和碳化学的机制。通过这项工作，该项目将培训三所大学的本科生和研究生。该项目旨在通过开发有关所使用方法和该项目背后的科学的公开视频来扩大对海洋科学的参与和理解。研究人员将在最大的缺氧区域东部热带北太平洋进行研究。他们将测量许多营养素，包括无机碳和氮以及氮化合物的自然丰度稳定同位素。他们将使用这些模式来确定主要反应如何共同起作用以控制氮循环和气态氮的产生。此外，海洋的高分辨率模型将揭示海洋混合的影响，为反应设定时间尺度，并使测量结果合成到全球环境中。这项工作将决定如何通过混合控制化学的输入氧的输入，并将其区分限制在永久缺氧核心的过程与耐受（或通过偶尔）偶尔氧合的过程。 Overall, the project will provide new information about nitrogen cycling pathways (anammox, denitriification, and nitrite oxidation) across the region and link the resulting isotopic signals to the global nitrogen budget.This award reflects NSF's Statutory mission and has been deemed precious of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.