EPIZOOTIOLOGY OF MACHUPO VIRUS IN BOLIVIA

玻利维亚马丘波病毒的流行病学

• 批准号: 6201308
• 负责人: Clarence J. Peters
• 金额: $ 12.49万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-08-01 至 2001-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6201308
• 关键词: Arenaviridae; Rodentias; South America; disease reservoirs; disease vectors; epizootiology; nucleic acid sequence; polymerase chain reaction; serology /serodiagnosis

Machupo virus (MV; Arenaviridae: Tacaribe VComplex; Machupo) is the etiologic agent for Bolivian Hemorrhagic Fever (BHF). MV is a rodent- borne, segmented, negative-sense RNA virus that shares many replicative, pathophysiologic, and epidemiologic features with the genus Hantavirus, family Bunyaviridae. As with hantaviruses, each arenavirus species except one is harbored by a specific rodent host in the family Muridae. Less is known about the specifics and geographic feature of these viral/host associations than for those of the hantaviruses and their hosts. This project will evaluate the relationship between prevalence of Machupo virus infection in wild populations of Bolivian rodents in relation to human land use patterns and rodent ecology. Using previously collected specimens, we will examine rodents of the murid subfamily Sigmodontinae from throughout Bolivia for seroprevalence of Machupo virus antibodies and evaluate any variation in levels of infection in light of differences in rodent abundance and difference in habitat. Viruses and rodent reservoir species will be characterized using cytogenetic and molecular genetic techniques. Specifically, we propose to test the following hypotheses; 1) The distribution of human cases of BHF is a function of habitat type and not geographic distribution of the reservoir species, 2) Human land-use patterns including habitat disturbance in northern Bolivia favors increased abundance of MV reservoir species and thus increases the risk of human disease the risk of human disease, and 3) levels of rodent abundance are positively correlated with seroprevalence of MV (e.g., as rodent populations increase in density, the percentage of the population infected with MV increases). These data will greatly expand our knowledge of MV and our understanding of Arenaviruses in general.

马丘波病毒（MV；沙粒病毒科：Tacaribe VComplex；马丘波）是 玻利维亚出血热 (BHF) 的病原体。 MV是啮齿类动物—— 传播的、分段的、负义 RNA 病毒，具有许多复制性、 汉坦病毒属的病理生理学和流行病学特征， 布尼亚病毒科。 与汉坦病毒一样，除 其中一种是由鼠科的特定啮齿动物宿主寄生的。 少就是 了解这些病毒/宿主的具体情况和地理特征 与汉坦病毒及其宿主的关联相比。 该项目将评估 Machupo 流行率之间的关系 玻利维亚啮齿动物野生种群中的病毒感染与 人类土地利用模式和啮齿动物生态。 使用之前收集的 标本，我们将检查鼠亚科 Sigmodontinae 的啮齿动物 来自玻利维亚各地的马丘波病毒抗体血清阳性率 根据感染水平的差异评估感染水平的任何变化 啮齿动物的丰度和栖息地的差异。 病毒和啮齿动物宿主 将使用细胞遗传学和分子遗传学来表征物种 技术。 具体来说，我们建议检验以下假设； 1） BHF 人类病例的分布是栖息地类型和 不是水库物种的地理分布，2）人类土地利用 包括玻利维亚北部栖息地干扰在内的模式有利于增加 MV 储存物种丰富，从而增加了人类感染的风险 疾病 人类疾病的风险，以及 3) 啮齿动物丰度水平 与 MV 的血清阳性率呈正相关（例如，作为啮齿类动物） 人口密度增加，感染人口的百分比 随着 MV 的增加）。 这些数据将极大地扩展我们对 MV 和 我们对沙粒病毒的总体了解。