PHYSIOLOGY OF INDIVIDUAL DISCRIMINATION/RECOGNITION

个人歧视/认可的生理学

• 批准号: 2890037
• 负责人: ARAS T PETRULIS
• 金额: $ 3.17万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-08-01 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2890037
• 关键词: association learning; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral habituation /sensitization; electrodes; electroencephalography; entorhinal cortex; hamsters; hippocampus; lateral olfactory area; learning transfer; memory; neural information processing; odors; olfactory stimulus; sensory discrimination; stereotaxic techniques

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): The major objective of this proposal is to understand how different olfactory recipient areas of the hamster brain participate in learning and storing odor information about other individual hamsters. This will be done by analyzing the coding properties of single neurons and ensembles of neurons in olfactory cortex, entorhinal cortex and hippocampus while hamsters perform two types of individual discrimination recognition tasks that differ in their processing demands. The first test is a basic habituation discrimination task in which hamsters are repeatedly presented with odors from one individual hamster and are then presented with another animal's odor. Hamsters form and maintain some memory of different individuals' odors over long periods of time as evidenced by habituation of investigation to one odor and increased investigation of the new individual's odor. The second task is a variation on this paradigm in which hamsters are allowed to interact with two individuals (A & B) for several days and are then habituated to one particular odor from A and then tested with another particular odor from A. Behaviorally, hamsters generalize their habituation to the second odor only if they have previously interacted with that animal, indicating that hamsters associate the two perceptually distinctive odors with each other and that they come to represent the individual hamster. This latter test provides an opportunity to test the hypothesis that the hippocampal system is involved in the formation of declarative (conscious, relational and flexible) memories, but not procedural (unconscious, inflexible, and limited) memories by predicting that only hippocampal neurons will code this odor-odor relationship. In contrast, social odor memories formed in the first task are non-relational and are therefore not predicted to require hippocampal coding but will be represented in olfactory and entorhinal cortex activity. This proposal is part of a broader research program that uses rodent species as experimental models of human amnesia with the explicit intent of characterizing the neural structures involved in human memory formation.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：主要目标 这个建议是为了了解不同的嗅觉接收区域如何 仓鼠大脑参与学习和存储气味信息 其他仓鼠个体。 这将通过分析编码来完成 嗅觉皮层中单个神经元和神经元群的特性， 内嗅皮层和海马体，而仓鼠执行两种类型的 处理过程不同的个体歧视识别任务 需求。 第一个测试是基本的习惯辨别任务，其中 一只仓鼠反复向仓鼠发出气味， 然后呈现另一种动物的气味。 仓鼠的形成和维持 在很长一段时间内对不同个体的气味的一些记忆 证据是习惯于调查一种气味并增加 调查新人的气味。 第二个任务是一个变体 在这个范例中，仓鼠被允许与两个人互动 个体（A 和 B）几天，然后习惯于其中一个 A 的特定气味，然后用 A 的另一种特定气味进行测试。 在行为上，仓鼠将其习惯概括为仅对第二种气味 如果他们以前与该动物有过互动，表明 仓鼠将两种感知上独特的气味相互联系起来 它们代表了仓鼠个体。 后一个测试 提供了一个机会来检验海马系统的假设 参与陈述性（意识、关系和 灵活的）记忆，但不是程序性的（无意识的、不灵活的和 有限的）记忆通过预测只有海马神经元会编码这个 气味与气味的关系。 相比之下，社会气味记忆形成于 第一个任务是非关系性的，因此预计不需要 海马编码，但以嗅觉和内嗅为代表 皮层活动。 该提案是更广泛的研究计划的一部分 使用啮齿类动物作为人类失忆症的实验模型 表征人类神经结构的明确意图 记忆的形成。