ORA (Round 5)The Nature of Political Representation in Times of Dealignment

ORA（第五轮）脱节时期政治代表的本质

基本信息

批准号：
ES/S015728/1
负责人：
Rosie Campbell
金额：
$ 37.62万
依托单位：
King's College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FS015728%2F1
关键词：
ORA Round Nature Political Representation

项目摘要

The growing psychological detachment of West European electorates from political parties provides one background of the proposed research. This trend is indicated by a number of specific developments such as decreasing levels of party identification, dwindling numbers of voters who continuously vote for one and the same party, and also decreasing trust in political parties (Dalton and Wattenberg 2000; Dalton 2016; Mair 2013). These developments progressively accumulate to a situation in which political representation is no longer structured through long-term stable attachments between distinct national political parties and distinct national coalitions of voters. The rise of non-partisan electorates raises pressing questions about ways to sustain responsive democratic governance in future decades. As partisanship was a key mechanism linking citizens and the state throughout the 20th century in Western Europe we must question how responsive democratic government be sustained in the 21st century in the absence of it.Theories of individualized (dyadic) political representation provide a second background to the proposed research. Conceptual work on this issue pictures individual MPs as a potential mechanism for connecting citizens and the state. It portrays individualized forms of representation as a key alternative to European style collectivist representation. While the latter ideally is assumed to pair national coalitions of voters with national disciplined parties, the former has been characterized as a dyadic relationship between distinct constituents and individual representatives that might significantly affect voter satisfaction with the democratic process (Esaiasson et al. 2017; Karvonen 2010; Colomer 2011). Empirical work on this issue stresses related evidence on non-European systems such as the US-American case, in which individual legislators indeed structure the representative process to significant degrees, in which direct interactions between individual legislators and constituents are expected and frequent, and in which most politics is said to be local (Powell 2004; Uslaner and Zittel 2006). Advancing from these two backgrounds, the proposed research asks about the extent to which dyadic representation provides a viable supplement to partisan mechanisms of representation in European contexts.

西欧选民与政党的心理队支队日益增长为拟议的研究提供了一种背景。这种趋势由许多具体发展（例如，政党身份认同程度下降，持续投票支持一个和同一政党的选民数量减少，也降低对政党的信任）来表明这种趋势（Dalton and Wattenberg 2000； Dalton 2016； Dalton 2016; Mair 2013）。这些事态发展逐渐积累到这样一种情况，在这种情况下，政治代表不再是通过不同的国家政党与独特的选民国家联盟之间的长期稳定依恋来构成的。非党派选民的兴起提出了关于在未来几十年中维持响应迅速民主治理的方法的紧迫问题。作为党派，在整个20世纪，在西欧的整个20世纪，我们必须质疑如何在21世纪的响应式民主政府在缺席的情况下维持响应迅速的民主政府。在此问题上的概念工作将个人议员视为联系公民和国家的潜在机制。它将个性化的代表形式描述为欧洲风格集体主义代表的关键替代方法。尽管理想情况下，后者被认为是选民的民族联盟与国家纪律党的联盟，但前者被认为是不同选民与个人代表之间的二元关系，这些关系可能会对选民对民主进程的满意程度产生重大影响（Esaiasson等人，2017年； Karvonen 2017; Karvonen 2010; Colomer 2011; Colomer 2011; Colomer 2011; Colomer 2011;）。关于此问题的经验工作强调了有关非欧洲系统（例如美国案件）的相关证据，在该案件中，单个立法者确实将代表性的过程构成了重要程度，在这种情况下，人们可以期待单个立法者与成分之间的直接相互作用，并且大多数政治被认为是本地的（Powell 2004; uslaner and Zittel 2004; powell of the;拟议的研究从这两个背景中进步，询问了二元代表性在多大程度上为欧洲背景下代表机制的可行补充。