PEDIATRIC AIRWAYS OBSTRUCTIVE DISEASE

儿童气道阻塞性疾病

• 批准号: 3943116
• 负责人: LYNN M TAUSSIG
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3943116
• 关键词: B lymphocyte; T lymphocyte; asthma; atopy; child (0-11); child physical development; chlamydial disease; disease /disorder proneness /risk; embryo /fetus drug adverse effect; emphysema; gender difference; growth /development; human subject; humoral immunity; immunoglobulin E; infant human (0-1 year); leukocyte activation /transformation; longitudinal human study; lung disorder; mycoplasmal pneumonia; newborn human (0-6 weeks); noninvasive diagnosis; pediatric pharmacology; preschool child (1-5); respiratory airflow disorder; respiratory airflow measurement; respiratory airway pressure; respiratory airway volume; respiratory disorder diagnosis; respiratory disorder epidemiology; respiratory function; respiratory gas analyzer; respiratory infections; respiratory pharmacology; serology /serodiagnosis; viral pneumonia

The specific aims of Subproject I are to examine: 1) factors (genetic, environmental, allergic, immunologic, physiologic, etc.) which may predispose to lower respiratory tract infections (LRIs) in early childhood and 2) the relationship of such factors and LRIs to the subsequent development of chronic airways disease in later life. These inter-relationships have been, and will continue to be, studied prospectively in a cohort of over 1,200 infants who, together with their parents and siblings, have been followed from the time of birth of the index subjects. Baseline lung function, airway reactivity, immunologic studies (humoral and cellular), allergy skin tests, and passive smoke exposure (cotinine levels) are assessed. Similar evaluations will be done on the parents and siblings during follow-up. These studies will allow us to determine prospectively and longitudinally the major factors relating to the development of chronic obstructive airways disease during childhood and young adult life and, thereby, allow us to determine the best methods of preventing such chronic disease. (e.g., better immunizations, environmental changes, appropriate counseling, drug therapy,) The purposes of Subproject II are to continue: 1) the development of pulmonary function tests applicable to the uncooperative infant and young child; and 2) the assessment of the physiologic growth and development of the human lung and how this growth may be altered by disease processes. In order to determine how lung diseases and risk factors in early life may predispose to chronic lung disease, it is essential to have reliable non-invasive tests of lung function applicable to infants and young children. Newer methods of studying the compliance and resistance of the lung and total respiratory system in young infants will be assessed. The use of lung sounds to reflect lung function in uncooperative infants will be studied in detail. The relationship of maternal smoking during pregnancy to lung function in the first few months of life will be examined, especially with respect to levels of elastin and elastase in the umbilical cord artery (potentially reflecting the amount of lung elastin). Longitudinal studies will examine the normal physiologic growth pattern of lung function in the first 12-18 months of life and how this may be altered by LRIs. Recovery patterns from acute bronchoconstriction will be studied in normal and asthmatic boys and girls to evaluate sex-related changes in airway dilation patterns following bronchoconstriction.

i要检查的特定目标：1）因素 （遗传，环境，过敏，免疫学，生理学等） 这可能易于下呼吸道感染（LRIS） 在幼儿和2）此类因素和 LRIS随后发展慢性气道疾病 在以后的生活中。 这些相互关系已经过去了，将会 继续进行，在1200多个队列中进行研究 与父母和兄弟姐妹一起的婴儿 紧随其后的是指数受试者的出生时间。 基线 肺功能，气道反应性，免疫学研究（体液 和细胞），过敏皮肤测试和被动烟雾暴露 （可替宁水平）评估。 将进行类似的评估 随访期间的父母和兄弟姐妹。 这些研究会 允许我们前瞻性和纵向确定专业 与慢性阻塞性发展有关的因素 童年时期和成年年轻人的气道疾病， 因此，允许我们确定预防的最佳方法 这种慢性病。 （例如，更好的免疫接种，环境 变化，适当的咨询，药物治疗） 副标题II的目的是继续：1）开发 适用于不合作的肺功能测试 婴儿和幼儿； 2）评估生理 人肺的成长和发展以及这种增长如何 疾病过程可能会改变。 为了确定如何 早期生命中的肺部疾病和危险因素可能会易于 慢性肺部疾病，必须具有可靠的非侵入性 适用于婴儿和幼儿的肺功能测试。 研究较新的方法的合规性和抵抗力 年轻婴儿的肺和全呼吸系统将是 评估。 使用肺部声音反映肺功能 将详细研究不合作的婴儿。 关系 怀孕期间的孕产妇吸烟到肺的功能 将检查生命的前几个月，尤其是在尊重方面 到脐带动脉中弹性蛋白和弹性酶的水平 （可能反映肺弹性蛋白的量）。 纵向 研究将检查正常的生理生长模式 肺部在生命的前12-18个月内发挥作用，这可能如何 通过LRI改变。 急性恢复模式 支气管收缩将以正常和哮喘男孩进行研究 和女孩评估气道扩张的变化 支气管收缩后的模式。