PEDIATRIC AIRWAYS OBSTRUCTIVE DISEASE

儿童气道阻塞性疾病

• 批准号: 3879182
• 负责人: LYNN M TAUSSIG
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3879182
• 关键词: B lymphocyte; T lymphocyte; asthma; atopy; child (0-11); child physical development; diagnosis design /evaluation; disease /disorder proneness /risk; emphysema; gender difference; growth /development; human subject; humoral immunity; immunoglobulin A; immunoglobulin E; infant human (0-1 year); leukocyte activation /transformation; longitudinal human study; lung disorder; mycoplasmal pneumonia; newborn human (0-6 weeks); noninvasive diagnosis; pediatric pharmacology; pollution related respiratory disorder; preschool child (1-5); questionnaires; respiratory airflow disorder; respiratory airflow measurement; respiratory airway pressure; respiratory airway volume; respiratory disorder diagnosis; respiratory disorder epidemiology; respiratory function; respiratory gas analyzer; respiratory infections; respiratory pharmacology; serology /serodiagnosis; tobacco abuse; viral pneumonia

The specific aims of Subproject I are to examine: 1) factors (genetic, environmental, allergic, immunologic, physiologic, etc.) which may predispose to lower respiratory tract infections (LRIs) in early childhood and 2) the relationship of such factors and LRIs to the subsequent development of chronic airways disease in later life. These inter-relationships have been, and will continue to be, studied prospectively in a cohort of over 1,200 infants who, together with their parents and siblings, have been followed from the time of birth of the index subjects. Baseline lung function, airway reactivity, immunologic studies (humoral and cellular), allergy skin tests, and passive smoke exposure (cotinine levels) are assessed. Similar evaluations will be done on the parents and siblings during follow-up. These studies will allow us to determine prospectively and longitudinally the major factors relating to the development of chronic obstructive airways disease during childhood and young adult life and, thereby, allow us to determine the best methods of preventing such chronic disease. (e.g., better immunizations, environmental changes, appropriate counseling, drug therapy,) The purposes of Subproject II are to continue: 1) the development of pulmonary function tests applicable to the uncooperative infant and young child; and 2) the assessment of the physiologic growth and development of the human lung and how this growth may be altered by disease processes. In order to determine how lung diseases and risk factors in early life may predispose to chronic lung disease, it is essential to have reliable non-invasive tests of lung function applicable to infants and young children. Newer methods of studying the compliance and resistance of the lung and total respiratory system in young infants will be assessed. The use of lung sounds to reflect lung function in uncooperative infants will be studied in detail. The relationship of maternal smoking during pregnancy to lung function in the first few months of life will be examined, especially with respect to levels of elastin and elastase in the umbilical cord artery (potentially reflecting the amount of lung elastin). Longitudinal studies will examine the normal physiologic growth pattern of lung function in the first 12-18 months of life and how this may be altered by LRIs. Recovery patterns from acute bronchoconstriction will be studied in normal and asthmatic boys and girls to evaluate sex-related changes in airway dilation patterns following bronchoconstriction.

子项目一的具体目标是研究：1）因素 （遗传、环境、过敏、免疫、生理等） 这可能容易导致下呼吸道感染（LRI） 幼儿期和2）这些因素的关系和 LRIs 对慢性气道疾病后续发展的影响 在以后的生活中。 这些相互关系已经并将继续 继续在超过 1,200 人的队列中进行前瞻性研究 与父母和兄弟姐妹一起被 从指标对象的出生时间开始。 基线 肺功能、气道反应性、免疫学研究（体液 和细胞）、皮肤过敏测试和被动烟雾暴露 （可替宁水平）进行评估。 将进行类似的评估 随访期间对父母和兄弟姐妹的影响。 这些研究将 让我们能够前瞻性地、纵向地确定主要的 慢性阻塞性肺疾病发生的相关因素 儿童期和青年时期的呼吸道疾病， 从而，让我们确定预防的最佳方法 这样的慢性病。 （例如，更好的免疫接种、环境 改变、适当的咨询、药物治疗、） 子项目 II 的目的是继续： 1) 开发 肺功能检查适用于不合作者 婴幼儿； 2) 生理学评估 人肺的生长和发育以及这种生长是如何进行的 可能会因疾病过程而改变。 为了确定如何 肺部疾病和生命早期的危险因素可能会导致 对于慢性肺部疾病，可靠的非侵入性治疗至关重要 适用于婴幼儿肺功能检查。 研究顺应性和阻力的新方法 小婴儿的肺和整个呼吸系统将 评估。 利用肺音反映肺功能 不合作的婴儿将被详细研究。 关系 母亲怀孕期间吸烟对肺功能的影响 生命的最初几个月将受到检查，尤其是尊重 脐带动脉中弹性蛋白和弹性蛋白酶的水平 （可能反映肺弹性蛋白的量）。 纵向 研究将检查正常的生理生长模式 生命最初 12-18 个月的肺功能及其影响 被 LRI 改变。 急性期的恢复模式 将在正常男孩和哮喘男孩中研究支气管收缩 和女孩评估气道扩张的性别相关变化 支气管收缩后的模式。