VulcansFluids:The behaviour of halogens and sulphur in natural high temperature processes

VulcansFluids：卤素和硫在自然高温过程中的行为

• 批准号: EP/X031063/1
• 负责人: Bernard Wood
• 金额: $ 273.43万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FX031063%2F1
• 关键词: VulcansFluids; behaviour; halogens; sulphur; natural

Chlorine, fluorine and sulphur are important components of the gases emitted by volcanoes and of the high temperature water-rich fluids responsible for transport and deposition of many economically important metals. The aims of this project are therefore to characterise fully the behaviour of chlorine, fluorine and sulphur in volcanic melts and thereby to determine the conditions under which these elements are released to the environment during degassing and ore-forming processes. The results have applications to processes occurring on Earth, Mars and other protoplanetary and asteroidal bodies The project uses two novel experimental approaches. In one we fix the partial pressure (fugacity) of Cl2 (or F2) at high temperatures and pressures using mixtures of silicate, silver metal, silver iodide and silver chloride (or silver fluoride). During the experiment the metal and silver halide compounds form 2 immiscible liquids controlling the Cl (or F) content of the silicate melt. A similar approach is used to fix S2 fugacity at high temperature and pressure using silver/silver sulphide or platinum/platinum sulphide mixtures (at fixed oxygen fugacity). After the experiment the silicate (which is now a glass) is analysed by microbeam methods to determine the exact contents of the element(s) of concern, Cl, F and S. The second novel experimental method uses a furnace in which the molten silicate sample is stirred at high temperature in order to determine relative volatilities of Cl, F, S and trace metals. Our results will be integrated with the numerous available data on fluid-melt partitioning of Cl, S and F to determine the fugacities of these elements in brines and lower density fluids and hence their metal-transport capacities. It is known that there are large differences between the Cl/F and Cl/S ratios of the Earth, Moon, Mars and Vesta, all bodies which have undergone extensive melting and volatile loss. Our results will enable us to estimate the different conditions under which volatile loss occurred during formation of planets and asteroids. Chlorine and sulphur are principal agents in the transport of metals as chlorides in volcanic fluids and in the precipitation of metal sulfides in porphyry copper deposits. Our results will enable us to identify potential volcanic sites of economic metal deposits based on the compositions of fluids and gases evolved during their evolution.

氯，氟和硫是由火山和高温水分富含水的液体发出的重要组成部分，负责许多经济上重要的金属的运输和沉积。因此，该项目的目的是在火山熔体中充分表征氯，氟和硫的行为，从而确定在脱气和矿石形成过程中将这些元素释放到环境的条件。结果在地球，火星和其他原球菌和小行星体上发生的过程应用了该项目采用两种新型实验方法。在高温下，我们使用硅酸盐，银金属，碘化银和氯化银（或氟化银）的混合物在高温和压力下固定Cl2（或F2）的二压（卵石）。在实验过程中，金属和卤化物化合物形成了2个不混溶液体，这些液体可控制硅酸盐熔体的Cl（或F）含量。使用类似的方法用于使用硫化银/银色/铂/铂硫化物混合物（在固定的氧气散热性下）使用硫化银/铂/铂的压力来固定S2的逃逸。实验后，通过微膜方法分析了硅酸盐（现在是玻璃），以确定关注的元素的确切内容，Cl，F和S。第二种新颖的实验方法使用炉子，在高温下搅拌熔融的硅酸盐样品以确定Cl，F，f，s和痕量金属的相对易度效率。我们的结果将与CL，S和F的众多可用数据集成在一起，以确定这些元素在盐水和较低密度流体中的膨化性，从而确定金属传输能力。 众所周知，地球，月亮，火星和维斯塔的Cl/F和Cl/s比之间存在很大差异，所有物体都经历了广泛的融化和挥发性损失。我们的结果将使我们能够估计行星和小行星形成期间发生挥发性损失的不同条件。氯和硫是金属作为火山流体中氯化物和斑岩铜沉积中金属硫化物沉淀的主要因素。我们的结果将使我们能够根据其进化过程中的流体和气体的成分来鉴定经济金属沉积物的潜在火山遗址。