Processes, mechanics and management of wastes

废物的工艺、机械和管理

基本信息

批准号：
EP/I012206/1
负责人：
William Powrie
金额：
$ 122.46万
依托单位：
University of Southampton
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2011 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FI012206%2F1
关键词：
Processes mechanics management wastes

项目摘要

Waste management is changing rapidly as the need to manage the earth's resources responsibly becomes increasingly accepted and enshrined in new legislation. Ideally, changes to the law, regulation and practice would be science-led; but in such a dynamic environment, scientific understanding and engineering know-how sometimes struggle to provide support with the result that the potential consequences of legislative and financial drivers for change may not be fully thought-through. For example, the EU Landfill Directive was enacted mainly to reduce fugitive greenhouse gas emissions from landfills, but its implementation with current treatment options could have the opposite effect. The aim of the Platform Grant is to provide the University of Southampton Waste Management Research Group with the stability and flexibility needed to explore new directions for its research that will provide the waste industry with the science and engineering needed for sustainable response to financial, regulatory and social drivers, and will address the legacy of unsolved problems arising from previous waste management practices. Key areas for development are:1) Field scale implementation of current research - enabling a rapid response when suitable study sites arise: We have developed the science needed by industry to reduce the long term pollution liability of landfills by a variety of remediation techniques, including flushing and in situ aerobic treatment. While excellent progress has been made, major uncertainties remain in upscaling from the laboratory to the field. This will be addressed in future research, in which we plan to investigate flushing and aeration at the field scale by running trials within discrete, bounded areas of MSW landfill(s) with the aim of significantly reducing the long term polluting potential of the wastes. 2) Resource recovery - second generation bio-based products and energy carriers from organic wastes and post-landfill processing: Government policy and strategic waste planning has highlighted a vital role for energy and commodity grade resource recovery in UK waste management practice. The infrastructure to facilitate this is already taking shape, through source segregated collection systems, growing markets for recovered products and pricing structures (e.g. ROC and feed-in tariffs) to encourage renewable energy production. The technology, however, is still in its infancy and underpinning research is urgently needed to support process engineering design, adapt existing technologies and exploit the potential for using waste as a raw material for biorefineries and solid recovered fuels. This will be done within an overall energy, materials and product recovery framework to include MSW processing operations where source segregation is not practised and also post-land filled wastes to reduce their long-term pollution potential and to create additional void space. 3) Application of recent and ongoing research to new forms of wastes - identifying key synergies: There is immense potential for translating the results of our current research into new areas, in particular in characterisation and near field contaminant transport modelling of low and very low level radioactive wastes.4) Development/promotion of a Sustainable Waste/Resource Management Forum including decision support systems (DSS - establishing expertise and stakeholder engagement, and maximising impact: DSS will make the results of the Group's research more readily available to users, encouraging knowledge transfer and maximising impact. Little work has been done to develop DSS for the waste industry, although the potential benefits have been recognised by some. DSS will also facilitate policy and operational decisions on the complex technology and process options available

由于需要负责任地管理地球资源的需求变得越来越被新立法所接受和塑造，因此废物管理正在迅速发生变化。理想情况下，法律，法规和实践的改变将由科学领导；但是，在如此充满活力的环境中，科学的理解和工程专业知识有时会努力提供支持，结果是立法和财务驱动因素的变革可能不会完全思考。例如，颁布了欧盟垃圾填埋指令，主要是为了减少垃圾填埋场的逃亡温室气体排放，但其使用当前治疗方案的实施可能会产生相反的效果。平台赠款的目的是向南安普敦大学废物管理研究小组提供探索其研究的新方向所需的稳定性和灵活性，这将为废物行业提供对财务，监管和法规和监管，监管和的可持续响应所需的科学和工程社会驱动力，并将解决以前废物管理实践引起的未解决问题的遗产。开发的关键领域是：1）当前研究的现场量表实施 - 在出现合适的研究地点时能够快速响应：我们已经开发了行业的科学，以减少垃圾填埋场的长期污染责任，包括各种修复技术，包括冲洗和原位有氧治疗。尽管取得了出色的进步，但主要不确定性仍在实验室到现场的升级。这将在未来的研究中解决，我们计划通过在MSW垃圾填埋场离散的，有限的区域进行试验，以大大降低废物的长期污染潜力，以调查现场尺度上的冲洗和充气。 2）资源回收 - 从有机废物和陆地后处理中的第二代产品和能源运营商：政府政策和战略废物计划强调了英国废物管理实践中能源和商品级资源恢复的至关重要的作用。通过来源隔离的收集系统，恢复产品和定价结构（例如ROC和Feed-In Califfs）来鼓励可再生能源生产的基础设施已经促进这种促进的基础设施已经形成。但是，该技术仍处于起步阶段，并且迫切需要研究基础研究，以支持工程工程设计，适应现有技术，并利用将废物用作生物精炼厂的原材料和固体恢复的燃料的潜力。这将在整体能源，材料和产品恢复框架内完成，包括不实行来源隔离的MSW处理操作，并在土地上填充废物以降低其长期污染潜力并创造额外的空间空间。 3）将最近和正在进行的研究应用于新的废物形式 - 识别关键协同作用：将我们当前研究的结果转化为新领域的结果，尤其是在表征和近场的污染物运输模型中，低水平和非常低水平的污染物运输模型4）开发/促进可持续废物/资源管理论坛，包括决策支持系统（DSS-建立专业知识和利益相关者参与，并最大程度地影响影响：DSS将使小组研究的结果更容易地向用户提供，从而鼓励知识知识转移和最大程度的影响是为了开发废物行业的DSS，尽管某些人已经确认了潜在的好处。