Bio-Manufacturing textiles from waste

利用废物生物制造纺织品

• 批准号: BB/T017023/1
• 负责人: Neil Bruce
• 金额: $ 80.15万
• 依托单位: University of York
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FT017023%2F1
• 关键词: Bio; Manufacturing; textiles; waste

There is increasing concern about the environmental impacts of the fashion sector. The UK alone sends more than 1 million tonnes of textiles to landfill and incineration every year. In addition, the environmental footprint of textile production is poor, with cotton being one of the most water and chemically intensive crops grown. Rayon and viscose are semi-synthetic textile fibres made from the chemical regeneration of cellulose extracted from trees. We have developed methods by which we can produce cellulose from agricultural by-products and the biological fraction of municipal solid waste. We propose to use this cellulose as a replacement for that currently derived from trees. Producing these materials from waste will greatly reduce the environmental footprint of textiles. We produce cellulose from waste in two ways. For crop residues such as wheat straw, we use enzymes to purify the cellulose that make up about 40% of this material. The rest of the polysaccharides in straw are converted into simple sugars during this process, and we will use bacterial fermentation to convert these into cellulose using Komagataeibacter xylinus. We will also use the biological fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW) to produce cellulose. For this part of the work we will use a fibre produced by the commercial autoclaving of MSW as a feedstock. This fibre contains large amounts of polysaccharides (mostly derived from waste paper and card) that we hydrolyse with enzymes to produce simple sugars that can be fed into our bacterial fermentation system to produce cellulose. Our proposed work involves maximising the productivity of our systems for producing cellulose, trialling the production of viscose-like regenerated fibres from our cellulose, and producing and testing textiles made from these fibres. The proposed work will allow us to increase process efficiency and to generate data to allow us to carry out a techno-economic analysis to assess the commercial viability of this novel process for textile manufacturing. We will also assess the environmental impacts of making textiles in this way using a life cycle analysis. We will produce samples of our fibres and textiles to allow potential end-users to assess their quality, and develop a business plan with companies from across the supply chain from feedstock provision to fashion retailers.

人们对时尚部门的环境影响越来越关注。仅英国就每年都会向垃圾填埋场和焚化派遣超过100万吨的纺织品。此外，纺织品生产的环境足迹很差，棉花是种植最多的水和化学密集型农作物之一。人造丝和粘液是由从树木中提取的纤维素的化学再生制成的半合成纺织纤维。我们开发了可以从农业副产品和市政固体废物的生物学部分中产生纤维素的方法。我们建议将这种纤维素用作当前从树木中得出的纤维素的替代品。从废物中生产这些材料将大大减少纺织品的环境足迹。我们通过两种方式从废物中产生纤维素。对于诸如小麦稻草之类的作物残留物，我们使用酶净化约占这种材料的40％的纤维素。在此过程中，稻草中的其余多糖被转化为简单糖，我们将使用细菌发酵将它们使用komagataeibacter xylinus转化为纤维素。我们还将使用市政固体废物（MSW）的生物学分数来产生纤维素。在这部分工作中，我们将使用MSW商业高压灭菌产生的纤维作为原料。该纤维含有大量的多糖（主要源自废纸和卡片），我们用酶水解这些多糖，以生产可以馈入我们的细菌发酵系统以产生纤维素的简单糖。我们提出的工作涉及最大化我们系统生产纤维素的生产力，试验从纤维素中的粘液样再生纤维的产生，并生产和测试用这些纤维制成的纺织品。拟议的工作将使我们能够提高过程效率并生成数据，以使我们能够进行技术经济分析，以评估这种新型纺织品制造过程的商业可行性。我们还将使用生命周期分析来评估以这种方式制造纺织品的环境影响。我们将生产纤维和纺织品的样本，以使潜在的最终用户评估其质量，并与来自供应链从原料提供到时尚零售商的公司一起制定商业计划。

项目成果

Mechanical, chemical, biological: Moving towards closed-loop bio-based recycling in a circular economy of sustainable textiles

机械、化学、生物：在可持续纺织品循环经济中迈向闭环生物基回收

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129325
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Ribul M