MONKEY MODEL FOR INFANTILE APHAKIA-AMBLYOPIA TREATMENT

用于治疗婴儿无晶状体弱视的猴子模型

• 批准号: 3261784
• 负责人: RONALD G BOOTHE
• 金额: $ 22.77万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-08-01 至 1993-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3261784
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; Pongidae; cataract; cataract surgery; contact lens; disease /disorder model; evoked potentials; eye disorder diagnosis; infant animal; lens disorder; neuroanatomy; visual deprivation; visual fields; visual perception; visual photosensitivity

Until recently, unilateral infantile cataracts were considered to be untreatable because lack of form or pattern vision during the early postnatal months inevitably resulted in profound, irreversible amblyopia from unbalanced visual inputs. However, in recent years a number of laboratory and clinical reports have indicated that it might be possible to maintain functional vision in these eyes by prompt surgical removal of the cataract, correction of the resulting aphakia, and aggressive occlusion of the opposite eye. We have developed a monkey model with which we can study these treatments. We conduct a lensectomy shortly after birth on deeply anesthetized monkeys using sterile procedures similar to those that would be used with human babies. Then we fit the infant monkeys with extended-wear contact lenses that are manufactured in our own laboratory specifically for infant monkey eyes. Some contact lenses provide an optical correction to the eye, allowing that eye to see more clearly. Other lenses defocus, diffuse, or occlude light, thus forcing the animal to use its opposite eye. Studies conducted in our laboratories have determined that continuous occlusion for long periods is always detrimental to visual function in the occluded eye and often leads to ocular misalignment. Therefore, our current research focus is on treatments that involve either minimal occlusion or no occlusion. Complete ophthalmic examinations are conducted on our animals at regular intervals to document the clinical status of our treatment groups. Behavioral outcome measures include assessments of visual functions including acuity, contrast sensitivity, spatial localization, spatial phase sensitivity, and extent of the visual fields. Visually evoked potentials (VEPs) will also be measured periodically and related to the behavior results. At the end of the rearing period, neuroanatomical studies will be conducted so that each treatment paradigm can be evaluated in terms of the correlations between visual function and central nervous system changes. The results of these studies will provide direct information about deficits in the central visual pathways that result from infantile aphakia in monkeys. These results can also be extrapolated to human infants with aphakic amblyopia because of the close similarities of macaque monkey and human visual systems. Therefore, our studies have direct clinical relevance for devising treatments of human infants who are born with unilateral cataracts.

直到最近，单侧婴儿白内障被认为 由于缺乏形式或模式视觉而无法治疗 产后早些时候不可避免地导致了深刻的 来自不平衡的视觉输入的不可逆转的弱视。 但是，在 近年来，许多实验室和临床报告已有 表明可以保持功能视觉 在这些眼睛中，通过迅速手术清除白内障， 纠正由此产生的阿法基亚和侵略性阻塞 相反的眼睛。 我们已经开发了一种猴子模型 可以研究这些治疗方法。 我们不久后进行镜头切除术 使用无菌手术的深度麻醉猴子出生 类似于与人类婴儿一起使用的。 然后我们适合 带有延长磨损隐形眼镜的婴儿猴子 专为婴儿猴子的实验室制造 眼睛。 一些隐形眼镜为 眼睛，让那只眼睛更清楚地看到。 其他镜头散焦， 扩散或阻塞光，从而迫使动物使用它 对面的眼睛。 在我们的实验室进行的研究 确定长时间连续的闭塞始终是 在封闭的眼睛中对视觉功能有害，并且经常导致 到眼睛错位。 因此，我们目前的研究重点是 关于涉及最小闭塞或无的治疗方法 阻塞。 在我们的 定期时间间隔以记录我们的临床状况 治疗组。 行为结果指标包括评估 视觉功能，包括敏锐度，对比度灵敏度，空间 视觉的定位，空间相灵敏度和程度 字段。 视觉诱发电位（VEP）也将被测量 定期与行为结果有关。 在 饲养期将进行神经解剖学研究 可以根据 视觉功能与中枢神经系统之间的相关性 更改。 这些研究的结果将提供直接 有关中央视觉途径中缺陷的信息 由猴子的婴儿阿法基亚（Aphakia）产生。 这些结果也可以 因厌食症的弱视外推到人的婴儿 猕猴和人类视觉系统的紧密相似之处。 因此，我们的研究具有设计的直接临床相关性 天生患有单侧白内障的人类婴儿的治疗。