MECONIUM DRUG SCREENING IN NEWBORN INFANTS

新生儿胎便药物筛查

• 批准号: 3213540
• 负责人: Enrique Mapua Ostrea
• 金额: $ 24.85万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-07-01 至 1993-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3213540
• 关键词: cannabinoids; cocaine; diagnostic tests; drug abuse; drug metabolism; drug screening /evaluation; embryo /fetus drug adverse effect; female; hair; human pregnant subject; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; marijuana abuse; morphine; mother /infant health care; newborn human (0-6 weeks); placental transfer; pregnancy; questionnaires; radioimmunoassay; statistics /biometry; cannabinoids; cocaine; diagnostic tests; drug abuse; drug metabolism; drug screening /evaluation; embryo /fetus drug adverse effect; female; hair; human pregnant subject; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; marijuana abuse; morphine; mother /infant health care; newborn human (0-6 weeks); placental transfer; pregnancy; questionnaires; radioimmunoassay; statistics /biometry

Recent epidemiological and other survey data suggest that a significant number of pregnant women and those in child bearing age abuse illicit drugs, in particular cocaine, with serious consequences such as premature delivery, low birth weight infants, high infant morbidity and long term sequelae. Therefore, it is important that these high risk infants are identified soon after birth, and it possible, the type, degree and duration of exposure to drugs, in utero. Currently, the methods used to accomplish this are by maternal self-report or by urine toxicology screen. Studies have shown that these methods do not consistently provide reliable and valid exposure data. A new method has been developed that identifies the drug exposed neonates by analysis of their stools (meconium) for drug metabolites. The test is quantitative, rapid, non invasive and by far, more sensitive than the current tests that are available. Since meconium, unlike urine, is not normally excreted by the fetus in utero, meconium accumulates in the fetus throughout gestation. Thus, further studies on meconium may provide details about the maternal drug such as the amount, timing and duration of her drug abuse. Comprehensive information of this nature are valuable for epidemiological and clinical purposes and are vital to our understanding of the complex relationship between drug use during pregnancy and its effects on the mother and fetus. The objective of this study is to determine whether the concentration of drug metabolites in meconium correlate to the amount, timing and duration of drug use by the mother. To accomplish this, a group of pregnant addicts who attend our maternal high risk clinic will be selected for follow up during pregnancy. The amount, time and duration of drug abuse by these subjects will be monitored throughout gestation by means of in depth interviews and by maternal hair analyses. Neither maternal nor infant urine will be tested for this purpose since these tests mostly reflect the recent use of drugs by the mother. After delivery, meconium that is serially passed by the infant will be analyzed for the metabolites of morphine, cocaine, and cannabinoid, three of the most common drugs of abuse. The individual and cumulative concentrations of each drug metabolite in meconium will be correlated to the maternal drug use as obtained from the interview and hair analysis. This study is designed to develop the potential of meconium drug analysis as a comprehensive diagnostic test. Currently, there is the need for an objective and sensitive test during the newborn period which can measure the type, amount, timing and duration of the infant's exposure to drugs in utero. An assessment of the potential to achieve this with the meconium analysis is proposed.

最近的流行病学和其他调查数据表明，重要的 孕妇的数量和患有年龄虐待的儿童的人数是非法的 药物，尤其是可卡因，带来严重后果，例如早产 分娩，低出生体重婴儿，高婴儿发病率和长期 后遗症。 因此，重要的是这些高风险婴儿是 出生后不久就确定了类型，程度和持续时间 在子宫内暴露于药物。 目前，用于完成的方法 这是由母亲的自我报告或尿液毒理学筛查。 研究 已经表明，这些方法并不一致地提供可靠的 有效的曝光数据。 已经开发了一种确定的新方法 药物通过分析其粪便（胎儿）的药物暴露于药物 代谢物。 该测试是定量，快速，非侵入性的，到目前为止 比可用的当前测试更敏感。 自次胎儿以来 与尿液不同，通常不会被子宫内的胎儿排泄 在妊娠期间积聚在胎儿中。 因此，进一步研究 赤志可能会提供有关母体药物的详细信息，例如金额， 她的药物滥用时间和持续时间。 全面信息 自然对于流行病学和临床目的很有价值，至关重要 了解我们对毒品使用之间的复杂关系 怀孕及其对母亲和胎儿的影响。 这项研究的目的是确定是否浓度 胎粪中的药物代谢物与数量，时机和持续时间相关 母亲的吸毒。 为此，一群怀孕的吸毒者 参加我们的母亲高风险诊所的人将被选为随访 怀孕期间。 这些药物滥用的数量，时间和持续时间 将通过深入监控妊娠期间的受试者 访谈和孕产妇分析。 既不是母亲也不是婴儿 尿液将于此目的进行测试，因为这些测试主要反映 母亲最近使用药物。 交货后，胎粪是 将分析婴儿的连续通过的代谢。 吗啡，可卡因和大麻素，三种最常见的药物 虐待。 每种药物的个体和累积浓度 赤志中的代谢物将与母亲的药物使用相关 从访谈和头发分析中获得。 这项研究旨在发展胎粪药物的潜力 作为全面的诊断测试。 目前，需要 新生儿期间的客观和敏感测试，可以测量 婴儿暴露于药物的类型，数量，时间和持续时间 子宫。 评估胎粪实现这一目标的潜力 提出了分析。