THE DISCRIMINATION OF ABUSED DRUG MIXTURES

对滥用药物混合物的歧视

• 批准号: 3211945
• 负责人: IAN P STOLERMAN
• 金额: $ 9.34万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF LONDON INST OF PSYCHIATRY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-09-01 至 1994-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3211945
• 关键词: amphetamines; behavior test; discrimination learning; dosage; drug abuse; drug addiction antagonist; drug interactions; laboratory rat; learning; mecamylamine; midazolam; nicotine; operant conditionings; paired stimuli; pentobarbital; psychopharmacologic agent; psychopharmacology; sensory discrimination; toxicology

The main aim is to explore the characteristics of behavior based on the discriminative stimulus effects of drug mixtures. Existing, well-developed methods for studying discriminate stimulus effects on drugs focus almost exclusively on single drugs, whereas the abuse of mixtures of more than one drug at a time is a widespread health problem. A secondary aim is to clarify understanding of the effect of single drugs with multiple effects; such drugs may be discriminated as a stimulus complex consisting of two or more elements and studies will clarify ways in which such a compound, interoceptive stimuli are processed. In the work proposed, the effects of behavioral and pharmacological variables on the characteristics of discriminations based on drug mixtures will be examined in greater depth than was the case previously. All experiments will utilize two-bar, operant conditioning procedures in rats and in some cases novel forms of these methods will be evaluated. While including comparisons of the discriminative effects of abused mixtures of amphetamine plus pentobarbital with those of non-abused mixtures of nicotine plus midazolam, the project will determine the influence of different training procedures and of different previous behavioural and pharmacological histories. Behavioural mechanisms that may account for some interactions between drugs in mixtures will be examined, based upon effects that associative learning theorists call blocking and overshadowing. The effects of antagonists, and the roles of the doses and dose-ratios of drugs used for training will be determined. The specificity of discriminative stimuli trained in different ways will be evaluated in generalization tests with pharmacologically similar drugs and drug mixtures, and with compounds from other pharmacological classes. The work will suggest ways in which environmental factors may modify responses to drug mixtures and thus influence the individual potential for engaging in addictive behaviors.

主要目的是根据 药物混合物的歧视性刺激作用。 现有，发达的 研究歧视刺激对药物的影响的方法几乎几乎 专门用于单一药物，而滥用多种混合物 一次药物是一个普遍的健康问题。 第二个目标是 澄清了解具有多种影响的单一药物的影响； 这种药物可能被歧视为刺激复合物，由两个或 更多的元素和研究将阐明这种化合物的方式， 处理性刺激被处理。 在提出的工作中， 关于特征的行为和药理变量 基于药物混合物的歧视将更深入研究 比以前是这种情况。 所有实验将使用两条杆， 大鼠的操作调节程序，在某些情况下 这些方法将进行评估。 同时包括比较 苯丙胺加五叶牙本质的滥用混合物的歧视作用 凭借尼古丁和咪达唑仑的未虐待混合物，该项目 将确定不同培训程序和 以前不同的行为和药理历史。 行为 可能解释混合物中药物之间一些相互作用的机制 将根据协会学习理论家的效果来检查 呼叫阻塞和遮盖。 拮抗剂的影响和角色 将确定用于训练的药物的剂量和剂量比例。 以不同方式训练的判别刺激的特异性将是 用药理学相似的药物进行了概括测试，并 药物混合物，并具有其他药理类别的化合物。 这 工作将建议环境因素可以修改响应的方法 进行药物混合物，从而影响个人参与的潜力 在上瘾的行为中。