INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT LIFE IN THE ELDERLY

老年人的独立和依赖生活

• 批准号: 3121794
• 负责人: DAVID A. SNOWDON
• 金额: $ 17.39万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-09-01 至 1995-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3121794
• 关键词: body physical activity; emotional dependency; household; human mortality; human old age (65+); human subject; interview; lifestyle; longevity; occupations; questionnaires; self help; socioeconomics; statistics /biometry; training level

Longitudinal data from two cohorts of Roman Catholic sisters (nuns) will be used to test hypotheses relating demographic-, cognitive-, and family mortality-related measures during early and mid life to longevity and to independence and dependence in activities of daily living (ADLs). The Historic Cohort consists of 1,975 sisters born between 1890 and 1915 who joined a religious congregation at about age 20. The Surviving Cohort consist of an estimated 760 sisters from the "Historic Cohort" who survive to 1990 and agree to participate in four annual assessments of mental and physical function and ADLs during 1990-1994. Archival information and previously collected questionnaire data will be used to characterize early and mid life exposures. Life tables will estimate life expectancies and the mean duration of independence and dependence in each ADL for various "exposure" groups. Logistic regression will estimate for individual independent variables the multivariate-adjusted odds of sisters "surviving to old age (1990) with intact ADLs" as well as the odds of 75 to 100 year- old sisters developing "ADL-dependencies" during 1990-1994. Latent variable structural equation analysis (LISREL) will examine hypothesized patterns of relationships of the early and mid life measures with one another and with various health outcomes. Hypotheses to be tested: (1) Each year of attained education will be associated with approximately one extra year of life expectancy after age 20, and a significant increase in the odds of 20-year-old sisters "surviving to old age with intact ADLs". Each year of education is associated with a moderate increase in the duration of "ADL-independence", a small decrease in the duration of "ADL- dependence", and a moderate decrease in the odds of developing "ADL- dependencies". (3) Relationships between education and the health outcomes described above will be explained, in part, by five correlates of education (which each make independent contributions to the health outcomes): socioeconomic status of the family of origin, mortality of the family during the subject's childhood, writing skills at about age 20, occupation, and frequency of holding elected offices in the congregation. Because of the relatively homogenous adult lifestyle of the study population, our findings should not be confounded by factors such as smoking and alcohol use, reproduction history, marital status, living arrangements, income, social isolation, nor materially affected by changes in the prevalence of these characteristics across age groups or birth cohorts. This is a well defined, cooperative, and essentially closed population in which to analyze survival and the loss of ADLs.

来自两个罗马天主教姐妹（修女）的纵向数据将 用于检验与人口统计学，认知和家庭有关的假设 早期和中期与死亡率有关的措施 独立性和对日常生活活动的依赖（ADL）。 这 历史悠久的队列由1890年至1915年生于1890年至1915年之间的1,975个姐妹组成 大约在20岁时加入了一个宗教会众。 由“历史悠久的队列”中的估计有760个姐妹组成 到1990年，并同意参加四次对心理和心理评估的评估 1990 - 1994年期间的身体功能和ADL。 档案信息和 先前收集的问卷数据将用于提早表征 和中期的暴露。 生活表将估计预期生活和 每个ADL的平均独立性和依赖性的平均持续时间 “曝光”组。 逻辑回归将为个人估算 自变量姐妹的多元调整后的赔率 到老年（1990）完整的ADL“以及75至100年的几率 - 1990 - 1994年期间，老姐妹发展了“ ADL依赖性”。 潜 可变结构方程分析（Lisrel）将检查假设的 早期和中期生活措施的关系模式与一个 另一个和各种健康结果。 要测试的假设：（1） 每年接受教育的年份将与大约一个 20岁以后的额外预期寿命，并显着增加 20岁姐妹“拥有完好无损的ADL”的几率。 每年的教育都与适度的增加有关 “独立adl独立”的持续时间，“ adl-的持续时间”很小减少 依赖性”，发展的几率中等” 依赖关系”。（3）教育与健康之间的关系 上述结果将部分通过五个相关性来解释 教育（每个人都为健康做出独立贡献 结果）：原籍家庭的社会经济地位，死亡率 在该主题的童年期间，家庭写作技巧大约20岁， 职业和在会众中担任当选办公室的频率。 由于研究的成人生活方式相对同质 人口，我们的发现不应与诸如 吸烟和饮酒，繁殖历史，婚姻状况，生活 安排，收入，社会隔离，也不会受到重大影响 在跨年龄段或出生的这些特征的流行率 同伙。 这是一个明确的，合作的，本质上是关闭的 分析生存和ADL损失的人群。