FALLS AND FRACTURES AMONG ELDERLY JAPANESE-AMERICANS

日裔美国人老人跌倒和骨折

• 批准号: 3122317
• 负责人: PHILIP D ROSS
• 金额: $ 19.88万
• 依托单位: PACIFIC HEALTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-09-30 至 1996-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3122317
• 关键词: Japanese American; accidental falls; bone density; bone fracture; disease /disorder proneness /risk; epidemiology; female; frail elderly; functional ability; hip fractures; human old age (65+); human subject; injury; lifestyle; longitudinal human study; physiologic bone resorption; prognosis; questionnaires; radiography; vision tests

Approximately 25% of people age 65 and older fall each year. These falls are a principal cause of injuries, death, and disability among the elderly. Falls occur more often among frail people, but are also common among the healthy. The injuries and fear of falling that often develop after a fall can increase the level of frailty and dependence of the elderly. Fractures are the most common serious injury from falls; as a result, falls are an important risk factor for some types of fractures. Hip fractures are the most costly and disabling type of fracture among the elderly, and are almost always caused by a fall. Increasing hip fracture incidence rates have been observed in successive generations of the same race, suggesting that environmental/lifestyle factors may influence the risk of fracture. Hip fracture incidence rates among certain minorities (Japanese-Americans, Blacks, and Mexican-Americans) are lower than among Caucasians. The rates of other non-spine fractures among Japanese-Americans is only one-third that reported for U.S. Caucasians. Since the bone mass of Japanese-Americans is lower than Caucasians, the lower incidence of fractures among Japanese may be related to other factors, such as the frequency of falls. In support of this hypothesis, we have found that elderly Japanese-American women in Hawaii fall fewer times per year on average than reported for U.S. Caucasians. We propose here to extend an existing longitudinal study of bone loss and fractures, and begin a prospective study of falls and fall-related injuries (including fractures) among elderly Japanese-American women in Hawaii. This study will explore whether or not differences in fracture incidence (and possibly other injuries) between Caucasians and Japanese are related to differences in the patterns of falls, bone mass, and other factors (such as muscle strength or body size). It will also explore what factors are responsible for the greater frequency of falls among Caucasians, compared to Japanese. For example, we will examine whether or not the observed difference in the rate of falls (or fractures, or other injuries) might be due to a difference in 1) the prevalence of risk factors, and/or 2) a difference in the strength of association with risk for falling for fractures or other injuries), between races. If the observed differences between races are related to potentially modifiable risk factors, rather than genetic differences, the results may help to design prevention strategies to reduce the frequency of falls and fractures among the elderly.

每年65岁及以上的年龄大约有25％的人跌倒。 这些瀑布 是老年人受伤，死亡和残疾的主要原因。 跌倒在脆弱的人群中更常见，但也很常见 健康。跌倒后经常出现的伤害和恐惧 能 提高老年人的脆弱水平和依赖性。骨折是 跌倒最常见的严重伤害；结果，瀑布是 某些类型的裂缝的重要危险因素。 髋部骨折是 老年人中最昂贵和残疾的骨折类型，并且是 几乎总是由秋天引起的。 增加髋部骨折发生率 在同一种族的连续几代人中观察到 这种环境/生活方式因素可能会影响骨折的风险。 某些少数民族的髋部骨折发生率（日裔美国人， 黑人和墨西哥裔美国人）低于高加索人。 费率 日裔美国人中其他非脊柱骨折仅为三分之一 这是为美国高加索人报道的。 由于骨头质量 日裔美国人低于高加索人 日本中的骨折可能与其他因素有关，例如 跌倒的频率。 为了支持这一假设，我们发现 夏威夷的日裔美国人每年减少次数 比美国高加索人报告的平均水平。 我们在这里提议扩展 现有的骨质流失和骨折研究，开始 前瞻性研究与跌倒和跌倒有关的伤害（包括骨折） 在夏威夷的日裔美国妇女中。 这项研究将探索 断裂发生率的差异是否差异（可能是其他 高加索人和日本人之间的伤害与 跌倒，骨骼和其他因素的模式（例如肌肉力量或 体型）。 它还将探讨哪些因素是负责的 与日本人相比，高加索人之间的跌倒频率更高。 为了 例如，我们将检查观察到的速率差异是否 跌倒（或骨折或其他伤害）可能是由于差异 1）风险因素的患病率和/或2）强度的差异 与骨折或其他伤害下降的风险相关）， 在比赛之间。 如果观察到的种族之间的差异与 潜在的可修改风险因素，而不是遗传差异， 结果可能有助于设计预防策略以降低 老年人之间的跌倒和骨折。