AGING, CHAIR MOBILITY, AND MUSCULOSKELETAL IMPAIRMENT

衰老、椅子活动能力和肌肉骨骼损伤

• 批准号: 3068508
• 负责人: Neil Alexander
• 金额: $ 7.99万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-09-01 至 1996-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3068508
• 关键词: aging; assistive device /technology; balance; biomechanics; body movement; cognition; computer simulation; depression; hip fractures; human middle age (35-64); human old age (65+); human subject; joints; knee; motion perception; musculoskeletal disorder; osteoarthritis; person with disability; physical therapy; posture; proprioception /kinesthesia; questionnaires; restricted physical activity; statistics /biometry; video recording system; young adult human (21-34)

Difficulty in rising from and returning to a chair is common in the elderly and is associated with an increased risk of hip fractures and falls. Comprehensive geriatric assessment measures, which include rising from and returning to a chair, are generally descriptive, qualitative, and rarely performance-oriented. We propose a more quantitative approach, using biomechanical analyses, to assess rising from and returning to a chair in the elderly. Measurements will quantify mild-moderate dysfunction and functional changes over time, and will help clarify relationships among aging, musculoskeletal impairment, and disability. Moreover, quantitative data will aid in establishing goals for strength and balance therapies, developing body movement strategies, and modifying environments to maintain or improve chair mobility in the elderly. Using an optoelectronic motion acquisition system and seat and foot force plates, we will analyze rising from a chair, achieving standing balance, and returning to a seated position. Performance of healthy elderly subjects in these tasks will be considered in two analyses: 1) in comparison to young and middle-aged adults; 2) in comparison to elderly adults who have difficulty in rising from a chair due to musculoskeletal impairments. The conditions for rising from the chair will be altered, specifically regarding the use of armrests, height of the seat, and foot support surface area and location. We will then use the motion and force data to simulate these tasks in a computer model, that will compute the joint torque strengths required. Finally, we will compare body segment motions and computed joint torques used in these tasks with clinical measures of joint range of motion and muscular strength, respectively. The overall goal is to quantitatively determine the importance of strength, joint range of motion, and postural stability in performing these tasks, particularly in elderly subjects with musculoskeletal impairment of the knee.

老年人很常见，从椅子上升和返回椅子很难 并与髋部骨折和跌倒的风险增加有关。 全面的老年评估措施，包括从和 返回椅子，通常具有描述性，定性，很少 面向性能。 我们提出了一种更定量的方法 生物力学分析，以评估从并返回椅子的上升 老人。 测量将量化轻度中度功能障碍和 随着时间的推移功能变化，将有助于阐明 衰老，肌肉骨骼障碍和残疾。 而且，定量 数据将有助于建立力量和平衡疗法的目标， 制定身体运动策略，修改环境以维护 或改善老年人的椅子流动性。 使用光电运动采集系统以及座椅和脚力 板块，我们将分析从椅子上升起的，实现平衡的平衡， 然后返回坐姿。 健康老年人的表现 这些任务中的主题将在两个分析中考虑：1） 与年轻和中年成年人进行比较； 2）与老年人相比 由于肌肉骨骼而难以从椅子上升的成年人 障碍。 从椅子上升的条件将改变， 特别是关于扶手的使用，座椅高度和脚 支持表面积和位置。 然后，我们将使用运动和力量 在计算机模型中模拟这些任务的数据，这将计算 需要关节扭矩强度。 最后，我们将比较身体细分市场 这些任务中使用的运动和计算的关节扭矩与临床 连接运动范围和肌肉力量的度量。 这 总体目标是定量确定强度的重要性， 联合运动范围和执行这些任务的姿势稳定性， 特别是在老年受试者中 膝盖。