MODULATION OF NEURAL SYSTEMS IN LEARNING AND MEMORY

学习和记忆中神经系统的调节

• 批准号: 2903619
• 负责人: PAUL E. GOLD
• 金额: $ 16.6万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NY,BINGHAMTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-06-01 至 2003-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2903619
• 关键词: acetylcholine; amygdala; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral habituation /sensitization; biomarker; brain metabolism; deoxyglucose; electrophysiology; glucose; glucose metabolism; high performance liquid chromatography; hippocampus; laboratory rat; learning; memory; microdialysis; morphine; neural information processing; neurotransmitter metabolism; psychopharmacology

Largely on the basis of lesion studies, different neural systems appear to be responsible for learning and remembering different classes of information. However, most learning experiences contain information that crosses the classes served by these distinct neural systems. The main goal of this project is to determine whether modulators of memory processing regulate the relative participation of different brain systems during learning, thereby regulating what different rats learn in those situations. The proposed experiments use direct brain injections of glucose and morphine, together with in vivo microdialysis/HPLC measures of acetylcholine output, to study learning and memory in rodents. Three tasks and three brain areas will be tested: conditioned place preference learning, amygdala-dependent; place learning, hippocampus-dependent; response learning, striatum-dependent. The first set of experiments uses direct injections of glucose and morphine, treatments which enhance and impair learning and memory processes where injected. Because each of the anatomical systems can at times interfere with learning by another system, some predictions include apparently paradoxical impairment and enhancement of learning by appropriate injections of glucose and morphine. The second set of experiments determines whether training-related increases in acetylcholine are restricted to those neural systems activated by different training procedures. Included is one task in which rats can learn using either of two strategies. Because each strategy is likely to require major participation by a different neural system, measures of acetylcholine output in each system during training might reveal what an individual rat is learning, i.e. which strategy it employs during learning. The third set of experiments determines whether glucose enhancement of learning and memory is accompanied by augmented acetylcholine release only in the neural system activated by specific training. The findings of these experiments may lead to a new view of how modulators of memory regulate the relative participation of different memory systems during learning.

在很大程度上，在病变研究的基础上，不同的神经系统似乎负责学习和记住不同类别的信息。 但是，大多数学习经验都包含跨越这些不同神经系统所服务的类的信息。 该项目的主要目标是确定记忆处理的调节因子是否调节学习过程中不同大脑系统的相对参与，从而调节不同大鼠在这些情况下学习的内容。提出的实验使用葡萄糖和吗啡的直接注射，以及体内微透析/HPLC乙酰胆碱输出的测量，以研究啮齿动物的学习和记忆。将测试三个任务和三个大脑区域：条件地点偏好学习，依赖杏仁核；放置学习，海马依赖性；响应学习，依赖纹状体。第一组实验采用直接注射葡萄糖和吗啡的注射，可增强和损害注射的学习和记忆过程的处理。 由于每个解剖系统有时都会干扰另一个系统的学习，因此一些预测包括通过适当注射葡萄糖和吗啡的适当注射来显然是矛盾的障碍和学习的增强。 第二组实验确定乙酰胆碱中与训练相关的增加是否仅限于通过不同训练程序激活的那些神经系统。其中包括一项任务，其中大鼠可以使用两种策略中的任何一个学习。 由于每种策略可能需要通过不同的神经系统进行重大参与，因此在训练过程中，乙酰胆碱输出的度量可能会揭示单个老鼠的学习，即它在学习过程中采用了哪些策略。 第三组实验决定了仅在特定训练激活的神经系统中，学习和记忆的葡萄糖增强是否伴随着乙酰胆碱释放。 这些实验的发现可能会导致对记忆调节器如何调节学习过程中不同内存系统相对参与的新观点。