Stress effects on the balance between memory systems

压力对记忆系统之间平衡的影响

• 批准号: 6913383
• 负责人: PAUL E. GOLD
• 金额: $ 29.86万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-20 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6913383
• 关键词: acetylcholine; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; brain injury; cognition; corpus striatum; hippocampus; laboratory rat; learning; memory; microdialysis; neural information processing; neurotransmitter transport; stress

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal examines the effects of chronic stress on the balance between multiple memory systems. Chronic stress impairs learning and memory on many tasks, though there are some reports of no effect or enhanced learning after chronic stress. Current findings indicate that different memory systems interact in a manner that includes instances of competition, often demonstrated by showing that lesions or pharmacological inactivation of one system can enhance learning of a task typically associated with a different neural system. By using in vivo microdialysis coupled to sensitive assay procedures, it is possible to examine release of acetylcholine during the course of training rats in mazes, with sample collection timed to match only a few training trials. Findings from studies such as these have shown that release of acetylcholine in several neural systems is a useful marker of the extent to which a system is activated by training. For example, when rats are trained on a T-maze that can be learned using either place (hippocampus-dependent) or response (striatum-dependent) solutions, acetylcholine release before and during training predicts which rats use each solution. This proposal will use such procedures to determine whether chronic stress produces a shift in which neural system is preferentially activated during learning, thereby impairing learning of some tasks and enhancing learning of other tasks. In addition, this proposal will examine simultaneously acetylcholine release in the hippocampus and striatum, at baseline and in response to training, to determine whether chronic stress results in different profiles of acetylcholine release associated with changes in cognitive processing. Thus, the findings of these experiments may offer a basis for apparently discrepant behavioral findings after chronic stress. More generally, the findings address the key issue of whether chronic stress results in a change in the balance between neural systems, thereby altering the strategy selected by a rat faced with a new problem to solve.

描述（由申请人提供）： 该建议研究了慢性应力对多个内存系统之间平衡的影响。 慢性压力会损害许多任务上的学习和记忆，尽管有一些报道没有慢性压力后没有影响或增强的学习。当前的发现表明，不同的记忆系统以包括竞争实例的方式进行交互，通常通过证明一种系统的病变或药理学灭活可以增强对通常与不同神经系统相关的任务的学习。通过使用与敏感测定程序耦合的体内微透析，可以检查在迷宫中训练大鼠过程中乙酰胆碱的释放，样品收集时间仅与几个培训试验相匹配。诸如此类研究的发现表明，在几种神经系统中释放乙酰胆碱是通过训练激活系统激活系统的有用标记。例如，当大鼠接受T迷宫训练时，可以使用位置（海马依赖性）或响应（依赖纹状体依赖性）溶液来学习，乙酰胆碱释放之前和期间都可以预测哪些大鼠使用每种溶液。 该建议将使用此类程序来确定慢性压力是否会产生在学习过程中优先激活神经系统的转变，从而损害学习某些任务并增强其他任务的学习。此外，该建议将在基线和训练时同时检查海马和纹状体中的乙酰胆碱释放，以确定慢性应激是否导致与认知处理变化相关的乙酰胆碱释放的不同曲线。因此，这些实验的发现可能为慢性应激后显然差异的行为发现提供了基础。更一般而言，这些发现解决了一个关键问题，即慢性压力是否会导致神经系统之间的平衡发生变化，从而改变了面临新问题的大鼠选择的策略。