COCAINE EXPOSURE--REACHING, KINEMATICS, AND COGNITION

可卡因接触——触及范围、运动学和认知

• 批准号: 2654395
• 负责人: LINDA L LAGASSE
• 金额: $ 7.18万
• 依托单位: EMMA PENDLETON BRADLEY HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-02-05 至 2000-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2654395
• 关键词: attention; cocaine; cognition; human data; infant human (0-1 year); limb movement; motivation; neural information processing; proprioception /kinesthesia; psychomotor function; toxicology; videotape /videodisc; visual perception

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) The purpose of the study to is to examine whether in utero exposure to cocaine compromises cognitive and motivational processes underlying infants' reaching behavior. Data have already been collected on 99 infants using a paradigm developed by the PI to encourage infants' manipulation of seen or remembered objects. This is an ancillary study to the longitudinal, multi-center Maternal Lifestyles Study (MLS). Based on maternal history and meconium assay, 40 infants were identified as exposed in utero and 59 were nonexposed; 39% were preterm. During the procedure, sixteen trials were presented to the infant in which 4 objects emitting sounds moved clockwise into the infant's reaching space in the light and dark. Sessions were videotaped for later coding of reaching, attention, affect, motivation, localization, and recognition. The proposal requests resources to complete the behavioral coding as well as conduct kinematic analysis of infants' reaches. Kinematic measures describe the quality of the reaching process and are likely to reflect neuromotor deficits as well as cognitive and affective components of motor planning. This project has 6 specific aims that examine: (Aim 1) the effects of cocaine exposure on the components of infants' reaching activity including attention/motivation, efficiency of the reaching outcome, auditory localization and object recognition; (Aim 2) whether cocaine exposure affects infants' modulation of attention, affect or action during exploration of the environment; (Aim 3) whether cocaine exposure affects the quality or efficiency of the reaching process as shown by kinematic parameters, e.g., smoothness, straightness, velocity, (Aim 4) if the effects of cocaine exposure persist when medical or lifestyle factors that co-occur with cocaine exposure including low birthweight, marijuana use, alcohol use, and low socioeconomic status are covaried; (Aim 5) the construct and predictive validity of reaching measures using comparable variables from the MLS protocol including measures of motivation, attention, and action at 8 and 12 months; (Aim 6) the interrelations of cocaine exposure, cognitive, and motor behavior in order to determine if reaching is mediated by infants' modulation of cognitive and affective processes and cocaine exposure. The unique paradigm used in this study allows fine grain analysis of the motor act within the larger context of attentional and motivational processes when the task is easy (in the light) and more difficult (in the dark). Positive results not only describe infants' exploratory behavior but also identify possible mediators and moderators for the effects of cocaine exposure. Results of this study increase the knowledge base of the effects of cocaine exposure on developmental processes and outcomes essential to cognitive development.

描述：（申请人的摘要） 研究的目的是检查子宫中是否暴露于 可卡因损害了婴儿的认知和动机过程 达到行为。 已经使用A对99名婴儿收集了数据 PI开发的范式旨在鼓励婴儿操纵可见或 记住的对象。 这是对纵向的辅助研究， 多中心的母体生活方式研究（MLS）。 根据母性历史和 胎粪测定法，在子宫内识别出40名婴儿，59例 没有; 39％是早产。 在过程中，16个试验是 呈现给婴儿，其中有4个对象发出声音顺时针移动 在光明和黑暗中进入婴儿到达的空间。 会议是 录像以供以后的触及，注意力，情感，动机， 本地化和认可。 该提案要求资源完成 行为编码以及对婴儿的运动学分析 到达。 运动学措施描述了到达过程的质量 并且可能反映神经运动缺陷以及认知和 运动计划的情感组成部分。 该项目具有6个特定目标：（目标1） 在婴儿到达活动的成分上的可卡因暴露，包括 注意/动机，达到结果的效率，听觉 本地化和对象识别； （目标2）是否可卡因暴露 影响婴儿对注意力，影响或行动的调节 探索环境； （目标3）可卡因暴露是否影响 运动过程的质量或效率，如运动学所示 参数，例如平滑度，直率，速度，（目标4）如果效果 当医疗或生活方式因素共同发生时，可卡因暴露持续存在 可卡因暴露在内，包括低出生体重，大麻使用，饮酒， 社会经济地位低下。 （目标5）结构和 使用可比变量的预测有效性 MLS协议包括8号动机，注意力和行动的度量 和12个月； （目标6）可卡因暴露，认知， 和运动行为以确定到达是否由婴儿介导 认知和情感过程和可卡因暴露的调节。 这项研究中使用的独特范例允许对 在更大的注意力和励志背景下的运动行为 当任务简单（从光明中）而更困难的过程（在 黑暗的）。 积极的结果不仅描述了婴儿的探索行为，还描述了 还可以确定可卡因影响的可能的介体和主持人 接触。 这项研究的结果增加了影响的知识库 可卡因对发展过程和结果的暴露 认知发展。