THEORY OF MIND DEFICITS IN ADULT STROKE PATIENTS

成人中风患者的心智缺陷理论

• 批准号: 2702989
• 负责人: HIRAM H BROWNELL
• 金额: $ 13.27万
• 依托单位: BOSTON COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-05-01 至 2001-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2702989
• 关键词: attitude; attribution; autism; behavioral /social science research tag; belief; brain injury; cerebral dominance; clinical research; communication disorders; computed axial tomography; human middle age (35-64); human old age (65+); human subject; magnetic resonance imaging; mental process; neuropsychological tests; psychic activity level; psycholinguistics; psychological tests; stroke

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted From The Investigator's Abstract): The proposed research investigates the nature of communication problems in right hemisphere (RHD) and prefrontal damaged (PFD) patients. These patient groups are known to exhibit difficulty with discourse. Successful communication rests on understanding others' perspectives, beliefs and motivations. the investigators' previous work suggests that other RHD patients have problems in determining what one's person believes about another person's beliefs (theory of mind deficits) and tend to avoid internal trait accounts for behavior in favor of external explanations (attribution deficits). The proposed research will (1) examine patients' theory of mind and attribution deficits on more complex tasks than we have used so far, and (2) determine whether the deficit is specific or part of a broader deficit in either central coherence and/or executive function. Central coherence deficits could lead to mentalizing/internalizing deficits because theory of mind and attribution tasks require that one make inferences about others on the basis of disparate pieces of information. Executive function deficits could lead to difficulties on such tasks because the tasks require responding on the basis of inferred or hypothetical states rather than concrete, observable reality. Central coherence will be tested by means of a reading comprehension test; executive function by means of the Tower of Hanoi task. In addition, control tasks will be used to compare patients' abilities to make mentalistic inferences with their abilities to make physical ones. If problems in mentalizing/internalizing are specific, patients should perform better on control tasks. If they are general, patients should perform poorly on both test and control tasks. The proposed framework will help clarify the nature of the social and communication deficits known to affect RHD and PFD patients.

描述：（根据调查员的摘要改编）：提议 研究调查了正确的沟通问题的性质 半球（RHD）和前额叶受损（PFD）患者。 这些病人 众所周知，群体在话语中表现出难度。 成功的 沟通取决于理解他人的观点，信念和 动机。 调查人员以前的工作表明其他RHD 患者在确定一个人的信念方面有问题 另一个人的信念（心理缺陷理论），并倾向于避免 内部特质对行为有利于外部解释 （归因缺陷）。 拟议的研究将（1）检查患者 对更复杂的任务的思维理论和归因缺陷比我们拥有的 到目前为止使用，（2）确定赤字是特定的还是 中央连贯性和/或执行功能的更广泛赤字。 中央连贯性赤字可能导致脑力/内部化赤字 因为思想和归因任务的理论要求 根据不同信息的推论。 执行功能缺陷可能会导致此类任务的困难，因为 这些任务需要根据推断或假设状态做出响应 而不是具体，可观察的现实。 中央连贯性将进行测试 通过阅读理解测试；执行功能通过 河内塔。 此外，控制任务将用于比较 患者以自己的能力做出心理推断的能力 做物理。 如果特定于心理化/内在化的问题， 患者应在控制任务上表现更好。 如果他们是一般的， 患者在测试和控制任务上的表现应差。 提议 框架将有助于阐明社会和沟通的本质 已知会影响RHD和PFD患者的缺陷。