DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY OF XENOPUS AUDITORY AND VESTIBULAR SYSTEMS

非洲爪蟾听觉和前庭系统的发育神经生物学

• 批准号: 6240100
• 负责人: ELBA E SERRANO
• 金额: $ 4.31万
• 依托单位: NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY LAS CRUCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-03-01 至 1998-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6240100
• 关键词: Xenopus; alternatives to animals in research; auditory pathways; biological signal transduction; cell differentiation; cytoskeletal proteins; developmental neurobiology; ear hair cell; electron microscopy; electrophysiology; image processing; innervation; membrane channels; membrane potentials; molecular cloning; polymerase chain reaction; scanning transmission electron microscopy; tissue /cell culture; vestibular apparatus; voltage /patch clamp

This research focuses on the cellular and molecular processes that take place in hair cells of the sensory organs of the vestibular and auditory systems during development of the vertebrate ear. The aquatic amphibian, Xenopus laevis, will be used as a model system for the study of hair cells and their development. The broad objective of this research is to gain an integrated view of the development and proliferation of sensory hair cells of the internal ear, by using multidisciplinary approaches that draw on techniques from biophysics, anatomy, tissue culture, and molecular biology. Project goal are: (1) The patch clamp method will be used to determine the ionic mechanisms underlying signal transduction in Xenopus hair cells. Results of biophysical studies of hair cell electrical properties will be correlated with structural studies of hair cell morphology and stereociliary bundle characteristics during different stages of development. (2) Light, scanning, and transmission microscopy will be used to examine development of Xenopus hair cell structure and innervation. (3) Recombinant DNA technology will be used to clone genes for ion channels and cytoskeletal proteins expressed in Xenopus hair cells. (4) An in vitro culture preparation will be established and used for studies of hair cell regeneration. The knowledge gained from this research will advance understanding of normal vestibulo-auditory system function as well as dysfunction. Results will increase knowledge of signal transduction pathways in hair cells, and will reveal cellular and genetic events that underlie hair cell differentiation and development. An important long-term objective of this study is to understand the mechanisms that regulate hair cell proliferation and regeneration. The knowledge gained should prove useful in developing treatments for hearing disorders based on hair cell dysfunction, particularly those caused by trauma.

这项研究的重点是细胞和分子过程 位于前庭和听觉感觉器官的毛细胞中 脊椎动物耳朵发育过程中的系统。 水生两栖动物， 非洲爪蟾，将用作毛细胞研究的模型系统 以及他们的发展。 这项研究的总体目标是获得 感觉毛细胞发育和增殖的综合观点 通过使用多学科方法来研究内耳 生物物理学、解剖学、组织培养和分子技术 生物学。 项目目标是：（1）采用膜片钳方法确定 非洲爪蟾毛细胞信号转导的离子机制。 毛细胞电特性的生物物理学研究结果将是 与毛细胞形态的结构研究相关 不同阶段的静纤毛束特征 发展。 (2) 光学显微镜、扫描显微镜、透射显微镜 用于检查非洲爪蟾毛细胞结构的发育和 神经支配。 (3)利用重组DNA技术克隆基因 用于非洲爪蟾毛发中表达的离子通道和细胞骨架蛋白 细胞。 (4)建立并使用体外培养制剂 用于毛细胞再生的研究。 从这项研究中获得的知识将加深对 正常的前庭听觉系统功能以及功能障碍。 结果 将增加对毛细胞信号转导途径的了解，并且 将揭示毛细胞背后的细胞和遗传事件 差异化和发展。 此项工作的一个重要的长期目标 研究目的是了解调节毛细胞的机制 增殖和再生。 所获得的知识应该是有用的 开发基于毛细胞的听力障碍治疗方法 功能障碍，特别是由创伤引起的功能障碍。