NEURAL SUBSTRATES OF COGNITIVE AND SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT

认知和社会情感发展的神经基础

• 批准号: 2578704
• 负责人: M MISHKIN
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2578704
• 关键词: Primates; cognition; developmental psychology; emotions; frontal lobe /cortex; learning; limbic system; neuropsychology; temporal lobe /cortex; visual perception

We assessed visual recognition in monkeys after early damage to either the medial temporal limbic region or to cortical visual area TE, both of which are known to be critical for this mnemonic ability in adults. The results indicated greater functional sparing after neonatal cortical than after neonatal limbic removals, suggesting that, during infancy, visual recognition functions are widely distributed throughout many visual cortical areas and that they become critically dependent on (i.e. localized to) area TE only after cortical maturation. Further evidence that functions are widely distributed at birth due to cortical immaturity comes from our studies on the development of rule learning ability in infant monkeys. Whereas the ventral prefrontal cortex is critical for this function in infant monkeys, it is not critical in infants. Limbic structures, by contrast, are even more critical for this function in infant monkeys than in adults. Similarly, limbic structures appear to be even more critical in infancy than in adulthood for the development of socioemotional behavior. Neonatal limbic lesions yield socioemotional disturbances similar to those described in autistic children, whereas the disturbances produced by the same damage to the mature brain are significantly less severe.

我们在早期损坏后评估了猴子的视觉识别 内侧颞边区域或皮质视觉区域TE 已知这对于成年人的疯子能力至关重要。 这 结果表明，新生儿皮质后的功能性更高。 在新生儿边缘移除后，表明在婴儿期间，视觉 识别功能在许多视觉上广泛分布 皮质区域，并批判性地取决于（即 仅在皮质成熟后局部到）面积。 进一步的证据 由于皮质不成熟，该功能在出生时广泛分布 来自我们对规则学习能力发展的研究 婴儿猴子。 而腹前额叶皮层对于 在婴儿猴子中，这种功能在婴儿中并不重要。 边缘 相比之下，结构对于此功能而言至关重要 婴儿猴子比成人。 同样，边缘结构似乎 在婴儿期比成年更为重要 社会情感行为。 新生儿边缘病变产生社会情感 与自闭症儿童相似的骚乱，而 相同损害对成熟大脑产生的干扰是 严重程度要少得多。