Understanding uncontrolled vaping among vulnerable populations

了解弱势群体中不受控制的电子烟

基本信息

批准号：
10475077
负责人：
Noel Todd Brewer
金额：
$ 45.93万
依托单位：
UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-09-10 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10475077
关键词：
Acute Address Adolescent Adolescent and Young Adult Adult Area Attention Behavior Bisexual Cigarette Cognitive Country Cues Devices Drops Electronic cigarette Elements Frequencies Gays Generations Goals Health Interview Investigation Language Lesbian Light Liquid substance Marshal Measures Mental Health Modeling Motivation Nicotine Outcome Persons Physical environment Pilot Projects Prevalence Probability Samples Process Psyche structure Regulation Research Resources Risk Sampling Science Self-control as a personality trait Smoker Smoking Smoking Behavior Social Environment Surveys Telephone Time Tobacco Use Cessation Toxic effect Uncontrolled Study Vulnerable Populations Youth addiction base cigarette smoke cigarette smoking cognitive testing combustible cigarette e-cigarette cessation electronic cigarette use electronic cigarette user experience follow-up interest portion control restraint sexual minority group tobacco products vaping young adult

项目摘要

PROJECT ABSTRACT Use of e-cigarettes or vapes is increasingly popular. Vulnerable populations most likely to vape include adolescents and young adults, sexual minorities, and people with poor mental health. Vaping is likely less harmful overall than smoking combustible cigarettes. Nevertheless, some users vape at frequencies that far exceed what they prefer, which we term uncontrolled vaping, augmenting health risks and producing greater addiction. In light of these concerns, some e-cigarette users may take actions intended to get their vaping under control. This vaping restraint could reduce health risks and support cessation of tobacco products including e-cigarettes. Vaping restraint strategies may present more challenges than efforts to reduce smoking because e-cigarette portions and refill sizes are unregulated, leaving users without familiar cues to encourage portion control (e.g., the end of a cigarette). However, the prevalence of uncontrolled vaping and restraint strategies is unknown, including for vulnerable populations. To fill these important gaps, the overarching goal of the proposed research is to understand uncontrolled vaping as well as vaping restraint strategies, which likely vary substantially across vulnerable populations, different device types, and dual use with combustible cigarettes. We build on the Process Model of Self-Control, hypothesizing greater impact of situational than cognitive restraint strategies. In Aim 1, we will develop measures of uncontrolled vaping and restraint strategies. We will conduct phone interviews with adolescent, young adult, and adult current e- cigarette users to identify language they employ to describe uncontrolled use and vaping restraint and then develop survey measures. In Aim 2, we will characterize the prevalence and correlates of both uncontrolled vaping and restraint strategies. We will survey a probability sample of current e-cigarette users (including adolescents, young adults and adults) and evaluate the suitability of the new measures among vulnerable populations. We will then calculate national estimates of uncontrolled use and vaping restraint strategies, and examine whether these outcomes are more common among vulnerable populations, certain device type users, and dual users. In Aim 3, we will establish the longitudinal impact of vaping restraint strategies on uncontrolled vaping. We will conduct a follow-up online survey at 12 months with the e- cigarette users from the Aim 2 sample. We will examine the association of baseline vaping restraint with uncontrolled vaping and smoking behavior 12 months later. Findings from the proposed research can inform regulatory science for e-cigarettes (e.g., by creating product standards for refill size and device features associated with uncontrolled use). The proposed research is responsive to FDA and NCI scientific interest areas of Addiction and Behavior.

项目摘要电子烟或电子烟的使用越来越流行。最有可能使用电子烟的弱势群体包括青少年、性少数群体以及心理健康状况不佳的人。电子烟可能会减少总体危害比吸可燃香烟还要大。尽管如此，一些用户的吸电子烟频率仍然如此超出了他们的喜好，我们称之为不受控制的电子烟，增加了健康风险并产生更大的影响瘾。鉴于这些担忧，一些电子烟用户可能会采取行动来获得电子烟受到控制。这种电子烟限制可以降低健康风险并支持戒烟包括电子烟。电子烟限制策略可能比减少吸烟的努力带来更多挑战由于电子烟的份量和补充装尺寸不受监管，导致用户没有熟悉的提示来鼓励份量控制（例如，香烟的末端）。然而，不受控制的电子烟和约束的普遍存在战略尚不清楚，包括针对弱势群体的战略。为了填补这些重要的空白，总体目标拟议研究的目的是了解不受控制的电子烟以及电子烟限制策略，这可能因弱势群体、不同设备类型以及双重用途而有很大差异可燃香烟。我们建立在自我控制的过程模型的基础上，假设更大的影响情境而非认知克制策略。在目标 1 中，我们将制定针对不受控制的电子烟的措施和克制策略。我们将对青少年、年轻人和成人当前的电子进行电话采访香烟使用者识别他们用来描述不受控制的使用和电子烟限制的语言，然后制定调查措施。在目标 2 中，我们将描述两者的普遍性和相关性不受控制的电子烟和约束策略。我们将调查当前电子烟的概率样本用户（包括青少年、年轻人和成年人）并评估新措施在其中的适用性弱势群体。然后，我们将计算国家对不受控制的使用和电子烟限制的估计战略，并检查这些结果在弱势群体中是否更常见，某些设备类型用户和双用户。在目标 3 中，我们将确定电子烟限制的纵向影响不受控制的电子烟策略。我们将在 12 个月后通过 e- Aim 2 样本中的香烟使用者。我们将研究基线电子烟限制与 12 个月后不受控制的吸电子烟和吸烟行为。拟议研究的结果可以提供信息电子烟的监管科学（例如，通过为补充装尺寸和设备功能制定产品标准与不受控制的使用有关）。拟议的研究响应 FDA 和 NCI 的科学兴趣成瘾和行为领域。