Sex Differences in Stress & Impulsivity in Cocaine Abusers

压力的性别差异

基本信息

批准号：
7660476
负责人：
Suzette M Evans
金额：
$ 50.74万
依托单位：
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-08-01 至 2012-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cocaine use is still prevalent nationwide and effective treatment for cocaine dependence remains a challenge. Many factors have been implicated in drug dependence, including stress, impulsivity and sex differences. Our first assumption is that there is a reciprocal relationship between impulsivity and cocaine use. We will examine if impulsivity is a consequence of cocaine use by obtaining multiple measure of impulsivity after smoked cocaine administration under controlled laboratory conditions. Further, we will determine if impulsivity is a predictor of cocaine use by relating self-report measures of impulsivity to the amount of smoked cocaine self-administered under controlled laboratory conditions. Our second assumption is that stress modulates cocaine use. We will examine the effect of a physical and a psychological stressor on the choice to self-administer smoked cocaine under controlled laboratory conditions. Our third assumption, and an underlying theme throughout, is that sex is a modulating factor in the relationship between impulsivity, stress and cocaine use. We will determine differences in impulsivity and stress between cocaine-dependent men and women not seeking treatment for their cocaine use. In Study 1, we will determine if cocaine administration increases behavioral measures of impulsivity. Participants will perform various behavioral impulsivity tasks before and after smoking fixed doses of cocaine. In Study 1, we will also determine if scores on three impulsivity self-report measures predict or correlate with choice to self-administer smoked cocaine. Finally, as a link to Study 2, Study 1 will explore whether fixed doses of smoked cocaine alter various subjective stress responses. In Study 2, we will determine whether exposure to a psychological laboratory stressor (Trier Social Stress Test) and a physical laboratory stressor (Cold Pressor Test) increases cocaine self-administration. Participants will have the opportunity to smoke five doses of cocaine immediately after stress exposure; a No Stress condition will serve as a control. Studies 1 and 2 will be conducted in non-treatment seeking cocaine-dependent men and women, to directly address sex differences in stress and impulsivity. These data collected using human laboratory models will have direct implications for developing differential treatment strategies targeting impulsive behavior, stress reduction, and gender-specific treatment issues.

描述（由申请人提供）：可卡因在全国范围内仍然很普遍，可卡因依赖的有效治疗仍然是一个挑战。许多因素与药物依赖性有关，包括压力，冲动性和性别差异。我们的第一个假设是冲动性与可卡因使用之间存在相互关系。我们将检查冲动性是否是可卡因使用的结果，这是通过在受控实验室条件下吸烟可卡因后获得多种冲动性的多种量度。此外，我们将确定冲动性是否是可卡因使用的预测指标，通过将冲动性的自我报告量度与受控实验室条件下自我管理的熏制可卡因量有关。我们的第二个假设是应力调节可卡因的使用。我们将研究身体和心理压力源对在受控实验室条件下自我管理可卡因选择的选择的影响。我们的第三个假设以及整个主题是性别是冲动，压力和可卡因使用之间关系的一个调节因素。我们将确定可卡因依赖性男女之间不寻求可卡因治疗的男性和女性之间的冲动性和压力差异。在研究1中，我们将确定可卡因给药是否增加了冲动的行为度量。参与者将在吸烟固定剂量的可卡因之前和之后执行各种行为冲动任务。在研究1中，我们还将确定在三种冲动性自我报告措施上的得分是否预测或与选择自动烟熏可卡因相关。最后，作为与研究2的链接，研究1将探索固定剂量的熏制可卡因是否改变了各种主观应力反应。在研究2中，我们将确定暴露于心理实验室压力源（TRIER社会压力测试）和物理实验室压力源（冷persor测试）是否会增加可卡因自我给药。参与者将有机会在压力暴露后立即吸烟五剂可卡因。没有压力条件将作为控制。研究1和2将在寻求可卡因依赖性男女的非治疗中进行，以直接解决压力和冲动性的性别差异。这些使用人类实验室模型收集的数据将对制定针对冲动行为，减轻压力和性别特定治疗问题的差异治疗策略具有直接影响。