A Multi-Method Study of Extreme Alcohol Drinkers in the Lab and in Real-Life: Increasing Precision of Assessments of Extreme Drinking Determinants

实验室和现实生活中极端饮酒者的多方法研究：提高极端饮酒决定因素的评估精度

• 批准号: 10463873
• 负责人: DENIS M MCCARTHY
• 金额: $ 47.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-25 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10463873
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Blood alcohol level measurement; Cellular Phone; Chronic; Consumption; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cues; Data; Databases; Diagnosis; Dose; Ecological momentary assessment; Economic Burden; Electrophysiology (science); Elements; Environment; Epidemiology; Ethics; Event; Frequencies; Genetic; Genotype; Heavy Drinking; Hour; Impulsivity; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Lead; Legal; Life; Limb structure; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Memory impairment; Methods; Minority; Modality; Modeling; Moods; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Personality; Phenotype; Process; Public Health; Questionnaires; Recurrence; Research; Rewards; Risk; Sampling; Severities; Societies; Source; Surveys; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Woman; addiction; adverse outcome; alcohol behavior; alcohol exposure; alcohol measurement; alcohol outlet density; alcohol poisoning; alcohol related consequences; base; binge drinker; binge drinking; contextual factors; craving; density; design; drinking; drinking behavior; health economics; high intensity drinking; high risk; high risk drinking; incentive salience; indexing; men; mobile computing; negative affect; new technology; polygenic risk score; portability; prospective; recruit; substance use; therapeutic target; trait; young adult

High levels of alcohol consumption clearly place individuals at great risk and present a significant health and economic burden to society. Emerging evidence indicates that many young adults engage in what can be called extreme drinking (i.e., drinking at levels likely to lead to BACs > .16). Despite recent attention to extreme drinking5,6, we know surprisingly little about this behavior beyond associations revealed by cross‐sectional studies that rely exclusively on retrospective self‐report. The proposed study is designed to provide some of the first comprehensive data about influences on the extreme drinking phenotype, and to compare these with those identified for the typical binge drinking phenotype. Whether there are unique causes and correlates of extreme drinking (compared to binge drinking) is an empirical question that has not been tested. There are challenges to investigating extreme drinking, including 1) overcoming the limitations of retrospective self‐report, 2) adequately measuring personological and environmental influences, and 3) capturing the temporal associations of these diverse influences and their impact on extreme drinking occasions. The proposed project is designed to meet these challenges using a combination of laboratory, genetic, and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methods. Our multi‐method approach will combine laboratory alcohol administration, EMA, and real‐time BAC assessment to capture the interplay between a broad range of potential influences on extreme drinking, extend our investigation outside the lab and into the natural drinking environment, and explore the temporal associations of influences on extreme drinking. We focus on four core constructs central to current theoretical models of addiction that are hypothesized to influence substance use through in‐the‐moment processes: reward sensitivity (RS), incentive salience (IS), impulsivity/loss of control (Imp), and negative affectivity (NA). We will recruit a sample of 400 young adults (ages 21‐29), ascertained from a statewide DMV database, who have a recent legal action with a recorded BAC consistent with extreme drinking (≥ .12). Using a longitudinal burst design, we will follow participants over a 12‐month period, with five self‐report assessments and four, two‐week EMA bursts. A baseline laboratory session will assess behavioral, trait, and electrophysiological markers of core study constructs. We aim to (1) Evaluate the validity and utility of real‐time assessments for identifying extreme drinking and alcohol‐related behavior. This aim could inform estimation methods for characterizing extreme drinking and guide refinement of definitions of problematic drinking profiles. (2) Characterize the structural influence of stable individual differences, transient intra‐individual factors, and environmental variables on risky, binge, and extreme drinking occasions and alcohol‐related negative consequences. This aim will reveal the incremental validity of state (EMA) and trait (lab; baseline questionnaires; polygenic risk scores [PRSs] when applicable) indices of core study constructs in predicting extreme drinking occasions within and between individuals; as well as test their interaction with specific contextual factors to predict extreme drinking behavior. (3) Identify multidimensional profiles associated with stable or highly variable binge and extreme drinking behavior. Our longitudinal burst design allows us to test hypotheses about the stability of drinking behavior over time.

大量饮酒显然会使个人面临巨大风险，并对健康和经济造成重大影响。 新出现的证据表明，许多年轻人从事所谓的极端饮酒行为。 （即饮酒水平可能导致 BAC > .16），尽管最近人们对过度饮酒 5,6 表示关注，但我们仍然惊讶地发现。 除了完全依赖于回顾性的横断面研究揭示的关联之外，对这种行为的了解很少 自我报告的目的是提供一些关于影响的第一批综合数据。 极端饮酒表型，并将其与典型的酗酒表型进行比较。 过度饮酒（与酗酒相比）是否有独特的原因和相关性是一个经验问题 调查极端饮酒存在一些挑战，包括 1) 克服局限性。 回顾性自我报告，2）充分衡量个性和环境影响，3）捕捉 这些不同影响的时间关联及其对极端饮酒场合的影响。 旨在结合实验室、遗传和生态瞬时评估来应对这些挑战 (EMA) 方法。我们的多方法方法将结合实验室酒精管理、EMA 和实时 BAC。 评估以捕捉对极端饮酒的广泛潜在影响之间的相互作用，扩展我们的 在实验室外和自然饮酒环境中进行调查，并探索以下因素的时间关联 我们关注当前成瘾理论模型的四个核心结构。 通过即时过程影响物质使用：奖励敏感性（RS）、激励显着性 (IS)、冲动/失控 (Imp) 和消极情感 (NA) 我们将招募 400 名年轻人（年龄）作为样本。 21-29），从县 DMV 数据库确定，最近有过法律诉讼，记录的 BAC 与 极度饮酒（≥ .12），我们将在 12 个月内跟踪参与者，其中有 5 名参与者。 自我报告评估和四两周的 EMA 突发基线实验室会议将评估行为、特质和行为。 我们的目标是（1）评估实时的有效性和实用性。 识别极端饮酒和酒精相关行为的评估这一目标可以为估计方法提供信息。 (2) 描述极端饮酒的特征并指导细化有问题的饮酒概况的定义。 稳定个体差异、瞬时个体内因素和环境变量的结构影响 这一目标将揭示危险、酗酒和极端饮酒场合以及与酒精相关的负面后果。 状态 (EMA) 和性状的增量有效性（实验室；基线调查问卷；多基因风险评分 [PRS]（如适用）） 预测个体内部和个体之间极端饮酒情况的核心研究结构指数以及测试； (3)识别多维 我们的纵向突发设计与稳定或高度可变的暴饮暴食和极端饮酒行为相关。 使我们能够检验有关饮酒行为​​随时间的稳定性的假设。