Development of an online, theory-based intervention to reduce e-cigarette use and susceptibility to smoking in young adults: A pilot study

开发基于理论的在线干预措施，以减少年轻人的电子烟使用和吸烟易感性：一项试点研究

• 批准号: 10664232
• 负责人: Denise Dao Tran
• 金额: $ 18.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-15 至 2028-02-29
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10664232
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Affect; Age; Alcohol consumption; Area; Behavior; Belief; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Cellular Phone; Chemicals; Cigarette; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Curiosities; Data; Development; Early Intervention; Education; Educational Curriculum; Electronic cigarette; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Feedback; Female; Frequencies; Future; Grant; Growth; Health; Individual; Internet; Intervention; Interview; Link; Long-Term Effects; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal cohort; Lung diseases; Malignant Neoplasms; Manuscripts; Mentors; Mentorship; Methodology; Motivation; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Outcome; Perception; Personal Satisfaction; Pilot Projects; Play; Policies; Population; Populations at Risk; Predisposition; Prevalence; Procedures; Proliferating; Public Health; Publishing; Race; Randomized; Randomized, Controlled Trials; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Resistance; Risk Reduction; Self Efficacy; Services; Smoke; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Surveys; Target Populations; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Text Messaging; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Training; Treatment Efficacy; Work; Writing; Youth; acceptability and feasibility; addiction; advanced analytics; age group; behavior change; brief intervention; cigarette smoke; cigarette smoking; cohort; combustible cigarette; combustible tobacco; comparison control; design; digital; effectiveness evaluation; efficacy evaluation; efficacy testing; electronic cigarette use; electronic cigarette user; evidence base; follow-up; interest; intervention effect; male; meetings; mobile phone based intervention; motivational enhancement therapy; multidisciplinary; never smoking; normative feedback; online intervention; peer; personalized normative feedback; pilot test; prevent; preventive intervention; programs; recruit; respiratory; risk mitigation; screening; sex; skills; smoking addiction; smoking initiation; smoking prevalence; social; social norm; substance use; theories; therapy design; therapy development; vaper; vaping; web-based intervention; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT There has been widespread proliferation of e-cigarette use (i.e., vaping) among young adults (YAs), as well as evidence of strong associations between vaping with cigarette initiation and continued smoking. Despite this, there are no evidence-based vaping interventions with tailored content specifically for YAs that is easily accessible to this age group (i.e., online and viewable on mobile phones) and targets smoking susceptibility. Perceived social norms, such as overestimations of how prevalent and accepted vaping and smoking are, and misperceptions of the harms of vaping and smoking appear to play key roles in YA vaping and smoking behaviors. Indeed, beliefs about social norms, perceptions of harm, and motivations associated with vaping and smoking are linked to vaping frequency and likelihood of smoking onset among YAs; thus, targeting these in a brief intervention can be efficacious. Vaping and smoking prevalence and acceptance will be collected from a longitudinal cohort of YAs ages 18-22 (N~2200; Aim 1). These data from Aim 1 will be used to develop and beta test a brief, online intervention that incorporates personalized normative feedback (PNF), aspects informed by Motivational Interviewing, and education to address misperceptions about vaping and smoking norms and harm. As part of this aim, we will evaluate acceptability and feasibility of intervention content, including believability of the norms presented and interest in the content (Aim 2). The finalized intervention will then be pilot tested among YA current e-cigarette users who have never smoked (N = 50) with an assessment-only control (N = 50; Aim 3) to determine efficacy of the program in reducing vaping frequency and smoking susceptibility. Results from this project will be informative in (1) elucidating social and cognitive factors that contribute to and maintain vaping behaviors in YAs and (2) inform future intervention approaches designed to mitigate the risks of nicotine dependence among the rapidly increasing population of young vapers. Results will be used as framework for an R01 application to conduct a larger randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of this intervention. I enter this project with strong quantitative skills as a clinical researcher with growing proficiency in tobacco research. This K01 is essential for me to develop additional expertise in areas that will support my objectives of becoming an independent, multidisciplinary investigator of determinants of substance use in YAs. This proposal will afford me with protected research time to develop expertise in a) predictors of addiction and its application to tobacco-product use in youth, b) technology-based substance use intervention development and evaluation, and c) longitudinal study design and advanced analytic methodologies, with mentorship to further refine my skills in the application of my research to inform policy, prevention, and early intervention efforts. I have worked closely with my proposed mentors to develop an ambitious but feasible training curriculum that integrates expert mentoring; coursework, seminars, and readings; scientific meetings; and growth in advanced analyses and manuscript and grant writing skills.

项目概要/摘要 年轻人 (YA) 以及青少年中电子烟的使用（即电子烟）已广泛普及 有证据表明电子烟与开始吸烟和持续吸烟之间存在密切关联。尽管如此， 没有基于证据的电子烟干预措施，并且没有专门为青少年量身定制的内容，很容易 该年龄段的人可以访问（即在线并可在手机上查看）并且针对吸烟 易感性。感知的社会规范，例如高估电子烟的流行程度和接受程度 对电子烟危害和吸烟的误解似乎在青少年电子烟中发挥着关键作用 和吸烟行为。事实上，对社会规范的信念、对伤害的看法以及相关的动机 吸电子烟和吸烟与青少年吸电子烟频率和开始吸烟的可能性有关；因此， 针对这些问题进行简短的干预可能会很有效。电子烟和吸烟的流行率和接受度将 从 18-22 岁青少年纵向队列中收集（N~2200；目标 1）。来自目标 1 的这些数据将是 用于开发和测试简短的在线干预，其中包含个性化规范反馈 (PNF)、动机访谈所提供的信息以及消除对电子烟误解的教育 以及吸烟的规范和危害。作为该目标的一部分，我们将评估干预的可接受性和可行性 内容，包括所呈现规范的可信度和对内容的兴趣（目标 2）。最终确定的 然后，干预措施将在从未吸烟的 YA 当前电子烟使用者（N = 50）中进行试点测试 仅评估控制（N = 50；目标 3），以确定该计划在降低电子烟频率方面的功效 和吸烟易感性。该项目的结果将在以下方面提供信息：（1）阐明社会和认知 影响和维持青少年吸电子烟行为的因素，以及 (2) 为未来的干预方法提供信息 旨在减轻迅速增长的年轻人口中尼古丁依赖的风险 电子烟爱好者。结果将用作 R01 应用程序的框架，以进行更大规模的随机对照研究 试验来测试这种干预措施的有效性。作为一名临床医生，我以强大的定量技能进入这个项目 烟草研究日益熟练的研究员。这台 K01 对我开发额外的功能至关重要 这些领域的专业知识将支持我成为一名独立的多学科研究者的目标 年度评估中物质使用的决定因素。该提案将为我提供受保护的研究时间来开发 a) 成瘾预测因素及其在青少年烟草制品使用中的应用，b) 基于技术的专业知识 物质使用干预措施的制定和评估，以及 c) 纵向研究设计和高级研究 分析方法，并在指导下进一步完善我的研究应用技能，以提供信息 政策、预防和早期干预工作。我与我推荐的导师密切合作，共同发展 雄心勃勃但可行的培训课程，融合了专家指导；课程作业、研讨会和 读数；科学会议；以及高级分析和手稿以及拨款写作技能的增长。