SPASTICITY MECHANISMS AND QUANTIFICATION

痉挛机制和量化

• 批准号: 2263580
• 负责人: WILLIAM Zev RYMER
• 金额: $ 17.4万
• 依托单位: REHABILITATION INSTITUTE RESEARCH CORP
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-04-01 至 1995-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2263580
• 关键词: biomechanics; cutaneous sensory nerve; electromyography; human subject; hypertonia; innervation; motor neurons; muscle contraction; muscle tension; neural recruitment; neuromuscular disorder diagnosis; neuromuscular transmission; spastic paralysis; stretch reflex; stroke; viscosity

DESCRIPTION (Investigator's Abstract): Three specific aims will be the focus of this continuing study of motor disability in stroke-induced spastic hemiparesis. The first specific aim will attempt to distinguish two possible mechanisms underlying the disturbance in spatial patterns of muscle selection in hemiparetic stroke. These two are the anatomical constraints imposed by branching patterns of residual ventromedial spinal pathways, or increased sensitivity of interneuronal pathways in the flexion-reflex. These two alternatives will be examined using cutaneous stimuli, cutaneous anesthesia, and single motor unit recording techniques. Limited or absent modification of EMG spatial pattern in response to manipulation of cutaneous input would argue for a pre-eminent supraspinal role. The second aim will be to characterize the disturbances in voluntary movement in the spastic paretic limbs by evaluating the spatial characteristics of movement to different locations in the horizontal plane, while recording movement velocity, acceleration and limb damping characteristics. The results of these studies should allow to voluntary motion and whether damping of voluntary motion is in part responsible for the disability of hemiparetic stroke. The third aim is to determine whether muscular weakness in stroke is mediated, at least in part, by disturbances of motor unit recruitment and rate modulation within individual muscles. These abnormalities are readily apparent in animal models of spastic paresis, where they appear to reflect disturbances in neuromodulator input to the spinal motoneurons. Single motor unit recording techniques will be used to compare recruitment, rate characteristics, and synchrony of motor units in matched muscles on the paretic and contralateral sides of the same hemiparetic subject. Taken together, these studies should advance our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the disturbances of movement in hemiparetic stroke and should help provide guidelines for rational diagnosis and therapeutic intervention.

描述（研究者的摘要）：三个具体目标将是 对中风引起的运动障碍的持续研究的重点 痉挛性偏瘫。 第一个特定目标将尝试区分两种可能的机制 在肌肉选择空间模式中的干扰是基础 偏瘫中风。 这两个是由 残留的腹侧脊柱的分支模式，或增加 屈曲反射中神经元途径的敏感性。 这两个 将使用皮肤刺激，皮肤检查替代方案 麻醉和单电机单元记录技术。 有限或缺席 修改EMG空间模式，以操纵 皮肤的输入将主张杰出的上脊柱上的作用。 第二个目标是表征自愿的骚乱 通过评估空间的痉挛性四肢运动 水平平面中不同位置运动的特征， 在记录运动速度，加速度和肢体阻尼时 特征。 这些研究的结果应允许自愿 运动以及自愿运动是否部分负责 偏瘫中风的残疾。 第三个目的是确定中风中的肌肉无力是 至少部分是由运动单元招募和 单个肌肉内的速率调节。 这些异常很容易 在痉挛性麻痹的动物模型中显而易见，它们似乎反映了 神经调节剂对脊柱运动神经元输入的扰动。 单身的 电动机单元记录技术将用于比较招聘，费率 特征和运动单位的同步在匹配的肌肉中 同一半偏头膜受试者的副和对侧边。 综上所述，这些研究应该提高我们对 偏瘫中风运动干扰的基础机制 并应有助于提供理性诊断和治疗的准则 干涉。