AGING AND PLANTER MECHANORECEPTORS IN POSTURAL CONTROL

姿势控制中的老化和种植体机械感受器

• 批准号: 2442280
• 负责人: WILLIAM E MC ILROY
• 金额: $ 4.09万
• 依托单位: SUNNYBROOK & WOMEN'S COLL HLTH SCIS CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-07-09 至 1998-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2442280
• 关键词: accidental falls; aging; balance; biomechanics; biomedical equipment; clinical research; cutaneous sensory nerve; electromyography; foot; gait; human old age (65+); human subject; injury prevention; limb movement; mechanoreceptors; posture; sensory feedback; statistics /biometry

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): Falls in the elderly cause injuries, as well as psychosocial problems, which result in an enormous burden on the individuals who fall, the caregivers and the health care system. The proposed research is intended to provide information that will further understanding of the causes of falls and aid in the development of new interventions for fall prevention. Recent studies by the applicants have documented the importance of corrective stepping in the maintenance of upright posture, and have also shown that deterioration in the control of lateral postural sway is predictive of falling risk in the elderly. In spite of the possible importance of these responses, both stepping and lateral balance control are poorly documented. Available information would suggest, however, that each of these responses require accurate pressure information from the plantar surface of the feet. It is therefore hypothesized that an increased risk of falling in the elderly may result from decreased sensitivity of plantar pressure receptors, causing problems in the execution of stepping or lateral balance recovery responses. This study will attempt to determine whether facilitating sensation from the soles of the feet in healthy elderly subjects will lead to improved control of lateral balance and compensatory stepping. Postural responses will be measured in various balance tasks with and without the benefit of facilitated cutaneous discharge. Subjects will stand on indentor plates, previously shown to have an influence on the degree of postural sway, in order to facilitate the cutaneous drive. The postural tasks will involve maintaining equilibrium during quiet standing and in response to unpredictable multi-directional perturbations. Responses to both sudden transient and continuous pseudorandom platform motions will be studied, since the duration and nature of the stimulus may strongly influence the demand for sensory information. Both "feet-in-place" and stepping responses will be studied, and postural responses will be characterized in terms of ground reaction forces, as well as muscle activation and patterns of body motion. It is anticipated by the applicants that the study will generate new knowledge about the contributions of plantar pressure sensation to postural control and could lead to novel interventions, such as special footwear or floor surfaces, that could supplement this sensory source to improve functional balance and prevent falls in the elderly.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：属于老年人 造成伤害以及社会心理问题，这导致 跌倒的人，照料者和健康的巨大负担 护理系统。 拟议的研究旨在提供信息 将进一步了解跌倒的原因并帮助发展 预防秋季的新干预措施。 申请人的最新研究记录了 纠正阶梯的维护直立姿势，也有 表明侧面姿势摇摆控制中的恶化是 预测老年人风险下降。 尽管有可能 这些响应的重要性，阶梯和横向平衡控制是 记录不足。 但是，可用信息会表明每个信息 这些响应需要来自足底的准确压力信息 脚表面。 因此，假设有增加的风险 落入老年人可能是由于足底灵敏度降低而导致的 压力受体，导致执行或横向执行问题 平衡恢复响应。 这项研究将尝试确定是否促进 健康的老年受试者中的脚底将导致改善控制 横向平衡和补偿性步进。 姿势反应将是 在有和没有利益的情况下以各种平衡任务进行衡量 促进皮肤排放。 受试者将站在契约板上， 以前证明对姿势摇摆的程度有影响 为了促进皮肤驱动。 姿势任务将涉及 在安静站立期间保持平衡，并响应 不可预测的多向扰动。 对两个突然的反应 将研究瞬态和连续的伪随机平台运动， 由于刺激的持续时间和性质可能会强烈影响 对感官信息的需求。 “地上”和踏脚的回应 将研究，并将姿势反应以 地面反作用力以及肌肉激活和身体模式 运动。 申请人期望该研究会产生新的 关于足底压力感觉对姿势的贡献的知识 控制并可能导致新颖的干预措施，例如特殊的鞋类或 地板表面，可以补充这种感觉源以改进 功能平衡并防止老年人跌倒。