HIV RISK REDUCTION STRATEGIES

降低艾滋病毒风险的策略

基本信息

批准号：
2251592
负责人：
JOHN BARTON JEMMOTT
金额：
$ 74.57万
依托单位：
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1994-05-01 至 1997-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The high rates of sexually transmitted disease (STD) and unintended pregnancy among Black youths who reside in urban areas are a major public health problem. Accordingly, the broad objective of the proposed research is to identify effective, theoretically based, culturally sensitive behavioral interventions to reduce these health risks. In the proposed research, 6th and 7th grade Black adolescents from a low-income, inner- city community in Pennsylvania will be assigned randomly to one of three conditions: an abstinence condition in which they will receive an intervention emphasizing the importance of delaying or curtailing sexual intercourse until an appropriate time later in life; (b)a safer-sex condition in which they receive an intervention emphasizing the importance of using condoms if they have sexual intercourse; and (c) a control condition in which they receive a general health intervention, not on AIDS and STD, but on other diseases, including heart disease, cancer, hypertension, that are affected by behavior. All interventions will be structurally similar: They will be identical in duration and will involve the use of films, exercises, and small group discussions led by specially trained Black facilitators. The age and gender of the facilitators will be varied randomly. Some interventions will be led by a peer facilitator and the others will be led by an adult facilitator. The approach draws on Bandura's social cognitive theory, Fishbein and Ajzen's theory of reasoned action/theory of planned behavior, and the applicant's previous risk- reduction research with inner-city Black adolescents. Data will be collected preintervention, immediately postintervention, and at 3-, 6-, l2-, 18-, 24-, and 36-month follow-ups. The data will be analyzed with mixed model analyses of variance, planned contrasts, multivariate analyses of variance, and multiple regression analyses. Outcome variables include self-reported frequency of unprotected coitus, frequency of coitus, and frequency of condom use. Other measures include intentions, beliefs, and self-efficacy--theoretically relevant variables hypothesized to mediate intervention effects. Analyses on these variables will address the important theoretical question of why the interventions have effects on outcome measures. Analyses will also examine whether intervention effects are systematically different depending on whether the facilitator is a peer or an adult and key participant characteristics, including preintervention sexual experience. The results of this project will contribute to the development of efficient and effective HIV risk- reduction programs for young inner-city Black adolescents.

性传播疾病（STD）和意外的高率居住在城市地区的黑人青年的怀孕是主要的公众健康问题。因此，拟议研究的广泛目标是识别有效的，理论上基于文化敏感的行为干预措施以减少这些健康风险。在提议中研究，六年级和七年级的黑人青少年，来自低收入，内部 - 宾夕法尼亚州的城市社区将被随机分配给三个条件：节制条件，他们将收到干预强调延迟或减少性的重要性性交直到生活后期适当的时间；（b）一个更安全的性别他们接受干预的条件强调了重要性如果避孕套有性交，请使用避孕套；（c）控制他们接受一般健康干预而不是艾滋病的状况和性病，但在其他疾病中，包括心脏病，癌症，由行为影响的高血压。所有干预措施将是结构相似：它们在持续时间将相同，并且会涉及使用电影，练习和小组讨论的使用，特别是由训练有素的黑色促进者。促进者的年龄和性别将是随机变化。一些干预措施将由同伴促进者领导，其他人将由成人主持人领导。该方法借鉴了班杜拉（Bandura）的社会认知理论，Fishbein和Ajzen的理论理论计划行为的行动/理论，以及申请人以前的风险 - 减少城市黑人青少年的研究。数据将是在干预前，干预后立即收集，并在3-，6-， L2-，18-，24-和36个月的随访。数据将通过混合模型的方差分析，计划的对比度，多变量分析方差和多元回归分析。结果变量包括自我报告的未受保护的同性恋的频率，同性恋的频率和使用安全套的频率。其他措施包括意图，信念和自我效能感 - 理论上相关的变量被认为是介导的干预效果。对这些变量的分析将解决重要的理论问题是为什么干预措施对结果措施。分析还将检查干预是否影响在系统上取决于协调员是否是同伴或成人和主要参与者特征，包括干预前的性经历。这个项目的结果将有助于发展有效有效的HIV风险 - 年轻城市黑人青少年的减少计划。