CHILDREN'S MENTAL HEALTH AFTER THE CHERNOBYL DISASTER

切尔诺贝利灾难后儿童的心理健康

• 批准号: 2251459
• 负责人: EVELYN J BROMET
• 金额: $ 21.2万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-09-30 至 1998-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2251459
• 关键词: Commonwealth of Independent States; academic achievement; adolescence (12-20); age difference; angers; anxiety disorders; belief; blood chemistry; child psychology; conduct disorder; disasters; fear; gender difference; health behavior; human subject; locus of control; major depression; memory disorders; mental health epidemiology; middle childhood (6-11); posttraumatic stress disorder; psychosomatic disorders; radiation; social support network; substance abuse related disorder

This revised proposal focuses on the mental health of children evacuated from the 30-kilometer area surrounding Chernobyl who now reside in Kiev. The research questions and study design draw on our research on the mental health of children living near Three Mile Island (TMI), on studies of children's responses to disasters, other life stressors, and chronic illness, on research on the stress process, and on the feasibility study we conducted in 1992. The study addresses six questions in a random sample of 300 evacuees in Kiev and 300 age-sex matched neighborhood controls born between 1980-1986: (1) Compared to controls, do evacuee children have significantly higher rates of diagnosable major depression and anxiety disorders, symptoms of depression, hopelessness, anxiety, anger, or post- traumatic stress, or concentration and memory impairment? (2) Compared to controls, do evacuee children have significantly higher rates of behavioral disturbance, as evidenced by absenteeism, poor school performance, conduct disorders, and substance abuse? (3) Are evacuee children experiencing significantly higher levels of somatic symptoms and medical illness than controls? (4) Are the mothers' fears associated with Chernobyl and/or relocation to Kiev significantly related to their mental health (particularly depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms, hopelessness, and anger), sensitivity to symptoms in their children, and familial stress? (5) Are the children's beliefs about the effects of the Chernobyl disaster directly related to disorder and impairment? Are the effects moderated by age, sex, locus of control, and social support? (6) what is the utility of a modified vulnerability model for explaining impairment and disorder in evacuee children? We propose to test a model in which the mother's level of fear is directly related to her psychological and somatic symptoms, family conflict, and sensitivity to symptoms in her child (Aim 4) and in turn, these variables are associated with the mental health of the children. Although the specific findings have been inconsistent, we will again examine the stress-moderating effects of the child's age, gender, locus of control and social support. We will also determine whether the child's personal level of stress from the sequelae of Chernobyl serve a moderating function. Face-to-face assessments will be administered using translated versions of standard mental health assessment tools. Physical examinations and routine blood screening will be performed by local physicians who will be trained and monitored by an American family practice physician with similar experience in Moscow. The study represents a collaboration between American and Ukrainian scientists. Its success will determine the advisability of conducting follow-up assessments or expanding the size or nature of the sample.

这项修订的建议重点是撤离儿童的心理健康 从现在居住在基辅的切尔诺贝利周围的30公里区域。 研究问题和研究设计借鉴了我们对心理的研究 居住在三英里岛（TMI）附近的儿童健康 儿童对灾难，其他生活压力源和慢性的反应 疾病，对压力过程的研究以及可行性研究 我们在1992年进行了研究。该研究解决了随机样本中的六个问题 基辅的300次撤离和300个年龄段的邻里控制 在1980 - 1986年之间：（1）与对照组相比，撤离儿童有 可诊断的重度抑郁症和焦虑症的比率明显更高 疾病，抑郁症状，绝望，焦虑，愤怒或之后 创伤性压力，还是集中和记忆力障碍？ （2）与 控制措施，撤离儿童的比率明显更高 旷工，贫穷的学校所证明的行为干扰 表现，进行障碍和滥用药物？ （3）是撤离 儿童经历了较高水平的躯体症状和 医疗疾病比对照组？ （4）母亲的恐惧与 切尔诺贝利和/或搬迁至基辅与他们的心理显着相关 健康（尤其是抑郁症，焦虑，躯体症状，绝望， 和愤怒），对孩子的症状的敏感性以及家族性 压力？ （5）是孩子们对切尔诺贝利影响的信念 与混乱和障碍直接相关的灾难？是效果 由年龄，性别，控制源和社会支持进行主持？ （6）是什么 修改后的漏洞模型的实用性来解释损害 和撤离儿童的混乱？我们建议测试一个模型 母亲的恐惧程度与她的心理和 躯体症状，家庭冲突和对她症状的敏感性 儿童（AIM 4），然后这些变量与心理相关 孩子的健康。虽然具体发现已经 不一致，我们将再次研究 儿童的年龄，性别，控制和社会支持的源头。我们也会 确定后遗症中孩子的个人压力水平是否 切尔诺贝利的调节功能。 面对面评估将使用翻译版本进行 标准心理健康评估工具。身体检查和例行 血液筛查将由当地医生进行培训的当地医生 并由美国家庭实践医师监视 在莫斯科的经验。该研究代表了 美国和乌克兰科学家。它的成功将决定 进行后续评估或扩大规模或 样本的性质。