FRONTAL LOBE CONTRIBUTIONS TO HUMAN MEMORY

额叶对人类记忆的贡献

基本信息

批准号：
2248336
负责人：
Arthur P SHIMAMURA
金额：
$ 10.09万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1994-09-30 至 1997-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The broad objective of the proposed research program is to use a cognitive-neuropsychological approach to investigate the role of the frontal lobes in human memory. In this approach, behavioral analyses of neurological patients are used to provide an understanding about the neural systems underlying cognitive function. In the proposed studies, patients with frontal lobe lesions will be evaluated on a series of memory and cognitive measures to evaluate a theoretical view of frontal lobe function. The importance of the frontal lobes to memory function has been a rather controversial issue. Some have suggested that memory impairment in patients with frontal lobe lesions is secondary to disorders of other cognitive processes, such as attention and planning. Others have emphasized the direct role of the frontal lobes on memory tests such as delayed response, short-term memory, and memory for temporal order. In the proposed investigation, three domains of cognitive function will be assessed in patients with frontal lobe lesions: 1) selective attention to stimulus features, 2) interference effects in memory, and 3) memory for spatial-temporal context. It is suggested that impairment of a gating or filtering mechanism mediates many of the deficits associated with frontal lobe lesions. That is, it is hypothesized that cognitive and memory disorders result from a failure to gate inappropriate stimulus features, memories, or responses. Central research questions about memory and the frontal lobes include the following: What is the relationship between memory and other cognitive disorders observed in patients with frontal lobe lesions? What is the relationship between memory and other cognitive disorders observed in patients with frontal lobe lesions? At what stages of memory function do the frontal lobes appear to make significant contributions - stimulus encoding, access of semantic memory, memory storage, or memory retrieval? Are disorders of temporal order memory associated with disorders of gating or inhibitory control? An attempt is made to integrate information from a variety of research domains. For example, both memory and other (non-memory) cognitive abilities will be assessed. Moreover, quantitative analyses of neuroimaging data (e.g. magnetic resonance, computed tomography) will be used to determine if specific areas within the frontal lobes mediate cognitive or memory function. Finally, all study patients will have been tested in electrophysiological studies of attention, as a result of participation in an independent research program. Thus, the proposed project has the opportunity to offer an analysis of memory and cognitive disorders associated with frontal lobe lesions and to integrate behavioral findings with neuroimaging and physiological findings.

拟议的研究计划的广泛目标是使用认知神经心理学方法来研究人类记忆中的额叶。在这种方法中，行为分析神经病患者被用来提供对认知功能的神经系统。在拟议的研究中，将对一系列额叶病变的患者进行评估记忆和认知措施评估额叶的理论观点叶功能。额叶对内存功能的重要性是有争议的问题。一些人建议记忆力障碍额叶病变的患者是其他疾病的继发的认知过程，例如注意力和计划。其他人有强调额叶在记忆测试中的直接作用，例如延迟响应，短期内存和时间顺序的内存。在拟议的调查，认知功能的三个领域将是对额叶病变的患者进行评估：1）选择性注意为了刺激特征，2）在记忆中的干扰效果，3）记忆用于时空环境。建议损害门控或过滤机制介导了许多相关的赤字额叶病变。也就是说，可以假设认知和记忆障碍是由于无法登机不适当的刺激而导致的功能，记忆或响应。中央研究问题内存和额叶叶包括以下内容：什么是记忆与其他认知障碍之间的关系额叶病变的患者？之间的关系是什么额叶患者观察到记忆和其他认知障碍叶片病变？在额叶的内存功能的哪个阶段似乎做出了重大贡献 - 刺激编码，访问语义内存，内存存储或内存检索？是的疾病与门控或抑制性疾病相关的时间顺序记忆控制？试图整合来自各种研究的信息域。例如，内存和其他（非记忆）认知能力将被评估。此外，定量分析神经影像学数据（例如磁共振，计算机断层扫描）将是用于确定额叶内的特定区域是否介导认知或内存功能。最后，所有研究患者都将是由于参加独立研究计划。因此，提议项目有机会分析记忆和认知与额叶病变相关的疾病并整合具有神经成像和生理发现的行为发现。