FRONTAL LOBE CONTRIBUTIONS TO HUMAN MEMORY

额叶对人类记忆的贡献

基本信息

批准号：
2248336
负责人：
Arthur P SHIMAMURA
金额：
$ 10.09万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1994-09-30 至 1997-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The broad objective of the proposed research program is to use a cognitive-neuropsychological approach to investigate the role of the frontal lobes in human memory. In this approach, behavioral analyses of neurological patients are used to provide an understanding about the neural systems underlying cognitive function. In the proposed studies, patients with frontal lobe lesions will be evaluated on a series of memory and cognitive measures to evaluate a theoretical view of frontal lobe function. The importance of the frontal lobes to memory function has been a rather controversial issue. Some have suggested that memory impairment in patients with frontal lobe lesions is secondary to disorders of other cognitive processes, such as attention and planning. Others have emphasized the direct role of the frontal lobes on memory tests such as delayed response, short-term memory, and memory for temporal order. In the proposed investigation, three domains of cognitive function will be assessed in patients with frontal lobe lesions: 1) selective attention to stimulus features, 2) interference effects in memory, and 3) memory for spatial-temporal context. It is suggested that impairment of a gating or filtering mechanism mediates many of the deficits associated with frontal lobe lesions. That is, it is hypothesized that cognitive and memory disorders result from a failure to gate inappropriate stimulus features, memories, or responses. Central research questions about memory and the frontal lobes include the following: What is the relationship between memory and other cognitive disorders observed in patients with frontal lobe lesions? What is the relationship between memory and other cognitive disorders observed in patients with frontal lobe lesions? At what stages of memory function do the frontal lobes appear to make significant contributions - stimulus encoding, access of semantic memory, memory storage, or memory retrieval? Are disorders of temporal order memory associated with disorders of gating or inhibitory control? An attempt is made to integrate information from a variety of research domains. For example, both memory and other (non-memory) cognitive abilities will be assessed. Moreover, quantitative analyses of neuroimaging data (e.g. magnetic resonance, computed tomography) will be used to determine if specific areas within the frontal lobes mediate cognitive or memory function. Finally, all study patients will have been tested in electrophysiological studies of attention, as a result of participation in an independent research program. Thus, the proposed project has the opportunity to offer an analysis of memory and cognitive disorders associated with frontal lobe lesions and to integrate behavioral findings with neuroimaging and physiological findings.

拟议研究计划的总体目标是利用认知神经心理学方法来研究人类记忆中的额叶。在这种方法中，行为分析神经病患者被用来提供对认知功能的神经系统。在拟议的研究中，额叶病变患者将接受一系列评估评估额叶理论观点的记忆和认知测量波瓣函数。额叶对于记忆功能的重要性已被人们广泛关注有争议的问题。有些人认为记忆障碍额叶病变患者继发于其他疾病认知过程，例如注意力和计划。其他人有强调额叶对记忆测试的直接作用，例如延迟反应、短期记忆和时间顺序记忆。在拟议的调查，认知功能的三个领域将是对额叶病变患者进行评估：1）选择性注意刺激特征，2）记忆中的干扰效应，3）记忆用于时空背景。建议减值门控或过滤机制可以调节许多相关的缺陷伴有额叶病变。也就是说，假设认知记忆障碍是由于未能控制不适当的刺激而导致的特征、记忆或反应。中心研究问题记忆和额叶包括以下部分：记忆与其他认知障碍之间的关系额叶病变患者？之间有什么关系在额叶患者中观察到的记忆和其他认知障碍肺叶病变？额叶在记忆功能的哪个阶段发挥作用似乎做出了重大贡献——刺激编码、访问语义记忆、记忆存储还是记忆检索？是否患有以下疾病与门控或抑制障碍相关的时间顺序记忆控制？尝试整合来自各种研究的信息域。例如，记忆和其他（非记忆）认知将评估能力。此外，定量分析神经影像数据（例如磁共振、计算机断层扫描）将用于确定额叶内的特定区域是否介导认知或记忆功能。最后，所有研究患者都将被在注意力的电生理学研究中进行了测试，结果是参与独立研究计划。因此，建议的项目有机会提供记忆和认知分析与额叶病变相关的疾病和整合行为发现与神经影像学和生理学发现。