FRONTAL LOBE CONTRIBUTION TO HUMAN MEMORY

额叶对人类记忆的贡献

基本信息

批准号：
2890483
负责人：
Arthur P SHIMAMURA
金额：
$ 11.82万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1994-09-30 至 2001-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2890483
关键词：
attention behavioral /social science research tag brain injury clinical research cognition disorders frontal lobe /cortex gender difference human subject magnetic resonance imaging memory disorders neuropsychological tests racial /ethnic difference

项目摘要

The broad objective of the proposed research program is to assess the contribution of the frontal lobes to human memory. Behavioral analyses of neurological patients will be used to provide an understanding of neural systems underlying cognitive function. In the proposed studies, patients with frontal lobe lesions will be evaluated on a variety of memory and cognitive measures. Recently, the role of the frontal lobes in human memory and cognition has been studied rather extensively. Advances in the field have been attained by progress in human functional neuroimaging techniques, in cognitive analyses of patients with frontal lobe lesions, and in neurobehavioral analyses of animal models. These advances have led to the hypothesis that the frontal lobes contribute to "working memory"-that is, the on-line monitoring and controlling of information processing. The proposed research program will assess a theoretical framework that attempts to refine and extend the notion of working memory. It is suggested that the prefrontal cortex acts as a dynamic filtering mechanism that gates and ultimately controls stimulus encoding and memory activation. Damage to this mechanism results in a failure to filter inappropriate stimulus features, memories, and response decisions. In the proposed studies, patients with lesions of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex will be evaluated on a variety of tests that tap aspects of attention and memory. These patients will be compared to neurologically intact control subjects and to other neurological patients (e.g., patients with orbital prefrontal lesions or temporal-parietal lesions). Central research questions include the following: What is the relationship between memory and other cognitive disorders observed in patients with frontal lobe lesions? At what stage or stages of memory processing do the frontal lobes appear to make significant contributions-stimulus encoding, access to semantic memory, memory storage, memory retrieval? As a result of an impairment in gating or selection, are patients with frontal lobe lesions more susceptible to interference from irrelevant or extraneous information?

拟议研究计划的总体目标是评估额叶对人类记忆的贡献。行为方面对神经系统患者的分析将用于提供了解认知功能背后的神经系统。在拟议的研究中，额叶病变的患者将根据各种记忆和认知指标进行评估。最近，额叶在人类记忆和认知中的作用进行了相当广泛的研究。该领域的进展已通过人类功能神经影像技术的进步实现，对额叶病变患者的认知分析，以及动物模型的神经行为分析。这些进步导致额叶有助于“工作”的假设 “记忆”——即在线监测和控制信息处理。拟议的研究计划将评估试图完善和扩展的理论框架工作记忆的概念。建议前额叶皮质充当动态过滤机制，门控和最终控制刺激编码和记忆激活。损害这种机制导致无法过滤掉不合适的刺激特征、记忆和反应决策。在拟议的研究，背外侧病变的患者前额皮质将通过各种测试进行评估注意力和记忆力方面。这些患者将与神经系统完整的对照受试者和其他神经系统患者（例如，患有眼眶前额叶病变的患者或颞顶病变）。中心研究问题包括下一篇：内存和其他有什么关系额叶病变患者观察到认知障碍吗？额叶在记忆处理的哪个阶段进行似乎做出了重大贡献——刺激编码、访问语义记忆、记忆存储、记忆检索？因此门控或选择受损，是额叶患者肺叶病变更容易受到无关或不相关的干扰无关信息？