Neuro-flakes: Direct Voltage Imaging of Neural Activity with Atomically-thin Optoelectronic Materials

神经薄片：利用原子薄光电材料对神经活动进行直接电压成像

• 批准号: 10401044
• 负责人: Ertugrul Cubukcu
• 金额: $ 21.94万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10401044
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Action Potentials; Affect; Area; Biosensing Techniques; Brain; Calcium; Cells; Chemicals; Chronic; Data Collection; Detection; Development; Dimensions; Dyes; Dystonia; Electrical Engineering; Electrodes; Electrophysiology (science); Engineering; Epilepsy; Exciton; Exploratory/Developmental Grant; Functional disorder; Future; Human; Image; Imaging technology; In Vitro; Injectable; Liquid substance; Measurement; Mental Depression; Methods; Microelectrodes; Molecular Medicine; Monitor; Nature; Nervous system structure; Neurons; Neurosciences; Noise; Optics; Organoids; Outcome; Output; Parkinson Disease; Persons; Phase; Photobleaching; Photons; Population; Radiation; Research; Resistance; Resolution; Schizophrenia; Semiconductors; Signal Transduction; Spectrum Analysis; Techniques; Technology; Therapeutic; Thick; Thinness; Time; Tissues; Validation; base; biomaterial compatibility; cognitive function; crystallinity; density; design; electrical measurement; electrical potential; experience; experimental study; flexibility; fluorescence imaging; graphene; improved; information processing; innovation; multimodal data; multimodality; nanoengineering; nanophotonic; nanosheet; nervous system disorder; network dysfunction; neural circuit; neuroregulation; non-genetic; optical imaging; parylene C; quantum; relating to nervous system; stem cell biology; temporal measurement; tissue phantom; tool; two photon microscopy; two-photon; voltage

Neuro-flakes: Direct Voltage Imaging of Neural Activity with Atomically-thin Optoelectronic Materials Recording electrical activity of neural populations with high resolution is essential to investigate neural circuits and cognitive functions. Although electrophysiology remains to be a widespread tool in neuroscience, it lacks practical scalability and chronic stability needed to tackle large-scale information processing in the brain. Penetrating electrodes are highly destructive to the neural tissue when inserted in large numbers across multiple areas and number of channels that can be simultaneously recorded are limited to a few hundreds, even with the most advanced probes. On the other hand, optical technologies such as calcium imaging are capable of recording neural activity from large populations. However, calcium transients are slow and also not a direct representation of output information of neurons. They are a secondary marker of some electrical and nonelectrical changes in neurons leading to significant discrepancies between electrically recorded action potentials and calcium transients. Direct measurement of electric potentials at multiple spatial scales is crucial to investigate information integration, distribution and processing in the brain. Here, we propose a unique and innovative voltage imaging technology, Neuro-flakes, for all-optical large-scale monitoring of electrical activity of neuron populations. Neuro-flakes will combine three key innovations: (i) 3-atom thick MoS2 nanosheets will provide quantum confinement-based excitonic photoluminescence for direct voltage sensing of neural activity across multiple spatial scales, (ii) Planar and injectable Neuro-flakes will serve as a nontoxic, nongenetic, and photostable alternative to genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) with a potential for human applications in the future, and (iii) MoS2 has a radiative lifetime on the order of several picoseconds, potentially enabling optical detection of neural activity with extraordinary temporal resolution. Neuro-flakes will combine the advantages of electrophysiology with the convenience of optical imaging, without the invasiveness of or the need for electrical wires, to directly probe voltages generated by single neurons and neuronal microcircuits at multiple spatial and temporal scales.

神经薄片：原子薄神经活动的直接电压成像 光电材料 以高分辨率记录神经群体的电活动对于 研究神经回路和认知功能。尽管电生理学仍然是一个 神经科学中广泛使用的工具，但它缺乏解决问题所需的实用可扩展性和长期稳定性 大脑中的大规模信息处理。穿透电极对人体有很强的破坏性 跨多个区域和多个通道大量插入时的神经组织 即使使用最先进的技术，可以同时记录的数量也仅限于数百个 探针。另一方面，钙成像等光学技术能够记录 来自大量人群的神经活动。然而，钙瞬变很慢，也不是直接的 神经元输出信息的表示。它们是某些电气的辅助标记 神经元的非电变化导致电学之间的显着差异 记录动作电位和钙瞬变。直接测量电势 多空间尺度对于研究信息集成、分布和处理至关重要 在大脑中。在这里，我们提出了一种独特且创新的电压成像技术，Neuro-flakes， 用于全光学大规模监测神经元群体的电活动。神经薄片将 结合了三项关键创新：(i) 3 原子厚的 MoS2 纳米片将提供量子 基于约束的激子光致发光用于神经活动的直接电压传感 跨越多个空间尺度，(ii) 平面和可注射的神经薄片将作为一种无毒、 基因编码电压指示器 (GEVI) 的非遗传和光稳定替代品，具有 未来人类应用的潜力，以及（iii）MoS2 的辐射寿命约为 几皮秒，有可能实现神经活动的光学检测 时间分辨率。 Neuro-flakes 将电生理学的优点与 光学成像的便利性，无需侵入或不需要电线， 直接探测单个神经元和神经元微电路在多个空间产生的电压 和时间尺度。