CONTRACEPTIVE EFFECTIVENESS AND UNINTENDED PREGNANCY

避孕效果和意外怀孕

• 批准号: 2204321
• 负责人: JACQUELINE E. DARROCH
• 金额: $ 11.87万
• 依托单位: GUTTMACHER INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-03-15 至 1997-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2204321
• 关键词: United States; contraceptives; drug screening /evaluation; epidemiology; female; female antifertility drug; field study; health behavior; health surveys; human data; induced abortion; interview; longitudinal human study; nondrug contraceptive; oral contraceptives; pregnancy; sex behavior; socioeconomics; statistics /biometry; women's health

Unintended pregnancy is an issue of substantial personal and social concern in the United States. Efforts to reduce its level center around improving contraceptive use among sexually active couples at risk of unintended pregnancy. The proposed project would increase our knowledge about the relationship between contraceptive method use and unintended pregnancy. We would estimate one important indicator of success among American couples using contraceptives--the proportions of method users who become accidently pregnant while using a method (use-failure rates). We would determine the extent to which this indicator differs across contraceptive methods and across subgroups of users, as well as investigate changes between the mid- 1980s and early 1990s and the trends in use-failure rates over 6-, 12- and 24-month periods of use. For the U.S. as a whole we would estimate total and sociodemographic subgroup- specific levels of pregnancy and unintended pregnancy and analyze components of change over time, including the contribution of changes in contraceptive use patterns and effectiveness. To accomplish these goals, we would field a survey of a nationally representative sample of approximately 9,500 women having abortions in order to gather information on contraceptive use at time of conception and on other sociodemographic characteristics unavailable from other sources. We would use these data, together with already available national abortion statistics, to assess the accuracy of abortion reporting in the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG). If unintended pregnancies that ended in abortion are underreported in the 1995 NSFG, as they have been in all past NSFGs and other national surveys of women's reproductive behavior that have been examined, we would use procedures developed under a prior NICHD grant to correct NSFG data for abortion underreporting and to calculate more accurate measures of contraceptive use-failure than would be possible from the NSFG alone. Using these corrected estimates, we would examine sociodemographic characteristics of women associated with contraceptive success. Findings from this project would contribute to monitoring the Year 2000 Objectives and help direct their achievement; they would assist those trying to choose among contraceptive methods and those seeking to provide them with accurate information; and, they would provide assistance to other researchers in the use of NSFG data for analysis of pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes.

意外怀孕是实质性的个人和社会问题 在美国的关注。 努力减少其级别的中心 改善性活跃夫妇的避孕药使用风险 意外怀孕。 拟议的项目将增加我们的知识 关于避孕方法使用与意外的关系 怀孕。 我们将估计成功的一个重要指标 美国夫妇使用避孕药 - 方法用户的比例 使用方法（使用率）时会意外怀孕的人。 我们将确定此指标在多大程度上不同 避孕方法和跨用户的子组以及 调查1980年代中期至1990年代初期的变化以及趋势 使用率超过6个，12个月和24个月的使用率。 为了 美国总体上，我们将估计总和社会人口统计学亚组 特定水平的怀孕和意外怀孕和分析 随时间变化的组成部分，包括变更的贡献 避孕的使用模式和有效性。 为了实现这些目标， 我们将对全国代表性样本进行调查 大约有9,500名堕胎的妇女以收集信息 在受孕时和其他社会人口统计学时使用避孕 其他来源无法获得的特征。 我们将使用这些数据， 以及已经可用的国家堕胎统计数据，以评估 1995年全国家庭调查中堕胎报告的准确性 增长（NSFG）。 如果堕胎结束的意外怀孕是 在1995年的NSFG中被低估了，就像过去的NSFG一样 其他关于妇女生殖行为的国家调查 经过检查，我们将使用先前的NICHD赠款制定的程序 纠正NSFG数据以进行流产不足并计算更多 准确的避孕药使用措施超出了可能的措施 仅来自NSFG。 使用这些更正的估计值，我们将检查 与避孕的女性的社会人口统计学特征 成功。 该项目的发现将有助于监视 2000年目标，并有助于指导其成就；他们会协助 那些试图在避孕方法中选择的人和那些试图选择的人 向他们提供准确的信息；而且，他们会提供 帮助其他研究人员使用NSFG数据进行分析 怀孕和怀孕结果。