USE-EFFECTIVENESS AMONG ADOLESCENT CONTRACEPTORS

青少年避孕者的使用效果

• 批准号: 3321773
• 负责人: JACQUELINE E. DARROCH
• 金额: $ 21.78万
• 依托单位: GUTTMACHER INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-08-01 至 1990-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3321773
• 关键词: African American; Hispanic Americans; adolescence (12-20); age at pregnancy; caucasian American; family planning; female; income; induced abortion; longitudinal human study; marriage /marital status; population survey; questionnaires; young adult human (21-34)

The purpose of this research is to improve understanding of the effectiveness with which American adolescents practice contraception, as well as of those factors which contribute to differences in effective use and to estimate the extent to which unintended pregnancy could be reduced if the contraceptive effectiveness of sexually active teens in the U.S. could be improved. The project will calculate contraceptive use-effectiveness rate of adolescents in the U.S. by investigating and making appropriate adjustments for the substantial underreporting of unintended pregnancies ending in abortion that occurred in Cycle III of the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG), the only nationally representative data set available that contains the information necessary to calculate life-table measures of contraceptive effectiveness. To obtain the data needed to estimate the extent of such underreporting and to estimate accurate rates of contraceptive use-effectiveness, a nationally representative sample of women will be surveyed regarding their contraceptive use prior to conception. Data from Cycle IV of the NSFG will extend analysis to cover contraceptive use intervals from 1979 through early 1987. Using the NSFG data adjusted for underreporting, factors that might affect contraceptive effectiveness will be analyzed, using hazards-model analysis to test the hypothesis that there are no significant differences across subgroups of adolescents in important factors. Comparisons will be made between teens and adult women of the levels of contraceptive use-effectiveness and factors influencing effectiveness rates to test for differences in the rates and the hypothesis that factors influencing differences in effectiveness rates are the same for teens and adults. The current contribution of contraceptive failure to the levels of unintended pregnancy among U.S. adolescents will be calculated. The reduction in unintended pregnancy possible through improving contraceptive effectiveness to levels observed in some subgroups of the adolescent population, or in older women, will be estimated along with the reductions possible through changes in levels of contraceptive use among adolescents and through changes in the distribution of methods among users. Finally, levels of underreporting of unintended pregnancies ending as abortions in other national surveys - Cycle III of the NSFG, the 1976 and 1979 Johns Hopkins Surveys of Young Women and the National Longitudinal Survey - will be calculated by population subgroup. The effects of different survey designs and question wording on the level of underreporting will be evaluated and ways to improve pregnancy reporting will be identified.

这项研究的目的是提高对 美国青少年避孕的有效性 以及那些导致有效使用差异的因素 并估计可以减少意外怀孕的程度 如果美国有性活跃的青少年的避孕有效性 可以改进。 该项目将计算避孕药 通过调查和 对大量报告的适当调整 意外怀孕以堕胎结束的怀孕发生在第三周期的堕胎中 全国家庭增长调查（NSFG），唯一的全国代表 可用的数据集包含计算所需的信息 避孕有效性的生命表测量。 获取数据 需要估计这种低估的程度并估算 准确的避孕效果效率，全国范围内 将对女性的代表样本进行调查 在受孕之前使用避孕药。 NSFG周期IV的数据将 扩展分析以涵盖从1979年至 1987年初。使用针对低报告的NSFG数据，这些因素 使用可能会影响避孕有效性 危害模型分析以检验没有明显的假设 在重要因素中，青少年亚组之间的差异。 将与青少年和成年女性进行比较 避孕效率和影响有效率的因素 测试速率差异和因素的假设 影响青少年和 成年人。 避孕失败对水平的当前贡献 将计算美国青少年的意外怀孕。 这 通过改善避孕药可能会减少意外怀孕 在青少年的某些亚组中观察到的水平的有效性 人口或老年妇女将估计与减少 通过变化青少年的避孕措施水平的变化可能 以及通过用户之间方法分布的变化。 最后， 随着堕胎的结局，意外怀孕的报道程度不足 其他国家调查 - NSFG的第三周期，1976年和1979年约翰斯 霍普金斯对年轻妇女和国家纵向调查的调查 - 将 由人口亚组计算。 不同调查的影响 关于低估水平的设计和问题措辞将是 评估和改善怀孕报告的方法将被确定。