USE-EFFECTIVENESS AMONG ADOLESCENT CONTRACEPTORS

青少年避孕者的使用效果

• 批准号: 3321773
• 负责人: JACQUELINE E. DARROCH
• 金额: $ 21.78万
• 依托单位: GUTTMACHER INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-08-01 至 1990-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3321773
• 关键词: African American; Hispanic Americans; adolescence (12-20); age at pregnancy; caucasian American; family planning; female; income; induced abortion; longitudinal human study; marriage /marital status; population survey; questionnaires; young adult human (21-34)

The purpose of this research is to improve understanding of the effectiveness with which American adolescents practice contraception, as well as of those factors which contribute to differences in effective use and to estimate the extent to which unintended pregnancy could be reduced if the contraceptive effectiveness of sexually active teens in the U.S. could be improved. The project will calculate contraceptive use-effectiveness rate of adolescents in the U.S. by investigating and making appropriate adjustments for the substantial underreporting of unintended pregnancies ending in abortion that occurred in Cycle III of the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG), the only nationally representative data set available that contains the information necessary to calculate life-table measures of contraceptive effectiveness. To obtain the data needed to estimate the extent of such underreporting and to estimate accurate rates of contraceptive use-effectiveness, a nationally representative sample of women will be surveyed regarding their contraceptive use prior to conception. Data from Cycle IV of the NSFG will extend analysis to cover contraceptive use intervals from 1979 through early 1987. Using the NSFG data adjusted for underreporting, factors that might affect contraceptive effectiveness will be analyzed, using hazards-model analysis to test the hypothesis that there are no significant differences across subgroups of adolescents in important factors. Comparisons will be made between teens and adult women of the levels of contraceptive use-effectiveness and factors influencing effectiveness rates to test for differences in the rates and the hypothesis that factors influencing differences in effectiveness rates are the same for teens and adults. The current contribution of contraceptive failure to the levels of unintended pregnancy among U.S. adolescents will be calculated. The reduction in unintended pregnancy possible through improving contraceptive effectiveness to levels observed in some subgroups of the adolescent population, or in older women, will be estimated along with the reductions possible through changes in levels of contraceptive use among adolescents and through changes in the distribution of methods among users. Finally, levels of underreporting of unintended pregnancies ending as abortions in other national surveys - Cycle III of the NSFG, the 1976 and 1979 Johns Hopkins Surveys of Young Women and the National Longitudinal Survey - will be calculated by population subgroup. The effects of different survey designs and question wording on the level of underreporting will be evaluated and ways to improve pregnancy reporting will be identified.

这项研究的目的是提高对 美国青少年避孕的有效性 以及导致有效使用差异的因素 并估计意外怀孕的减少程度 美国性活跃青少年的避孕效果如何 可以改进。 该项目将计算避孕 通过调查和了解美国青少年的使用有效率 对严重少报的情况进行适当调整 发生在第三周期的意外怀孕导致堕胎 全国家庭成长调查 (NSFG)，唯一具有全国代表性的调查 包含计算所需信息的可用数据集 避孕有效性的生命表测量。 获取数据 需要估计这种漏报的程度并估计 避孕药具使用有效率的准确率，全国 将对具有代表性的妇女样本进行调查，了解她们的情况 受孕前使用避孕药具。 NSFG 周期 IV 的数据将 将分析范围扩大到 1979 年至 1987 年初。使用针对漏报情况进行调整的 NSFG 数据，考虑了以下因素： 将分析可能影响避孕效果的因素，使用 危害模型分析来检验不存在显着风险的假设 青少年亚组之间在重要因素上的差异。 将在青少年和成年女性之间进行比较 避孕药具使用效果及影响有效率的因素 检验比率的差异以及影响因素的假设 对于青少年和青少年来说，影响有效率的差异是相同的 成年人。 目前避孕失败对避孕水平的影响 将计算美国青少年的意外怀孕。 这 通过改进避孕措施可以减少意外怀孕 达到在青少年某些亚群体中观察到的水平的有效性 人口，或老年妇女，将与减少一起进行估计 通过改变青少年避孕药具使用水平可能实现 并通过改变用户之间的方法分配。 最后， 因意外怀孕而导致堕胎的漏报率 其他国家调查 - NSFG 的第三周期、1976 年和 1979 年的约翰斯调查 霍普金斯年轻女性调查和全国纵向调查 - 将 按人口亚组计算。 不同调查的效果 关于漏报程度的设计和问题措辞将 将进行评估并确定改进怀孕报告的方法。