POPULATION AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE U.S. GREAT PLAINS

美国大平原的人口和环境

• 批准号: 2207063
• 负责人: Myron P. Gutmann
• 金额: $ 28.89万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-08-01 至 1999-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2207063
• 关键词: United States; agriculture; community; family structure /dynamics; human data; human ecology; human migration; human population density; human population study; human subject; interview; occupations; socioenvironment; statistics /biometry

This project has as its main goal a multidisciplinary study of long-term aspects of the relationship between population and the environment in the Great Plains of the United States. This region is important because the grasslands of the Great Plains cover a large part of the United States, and are subject to considerable environmental change. This research involves an examination of the demographic experience of the region and of changes in the environment. The theoretical basis of the project draws on many sources, and is directed toward a model of recursive change in population and environment, one in which changes in one of these factors in one time period influence the other in a subsequent time period, and so on. The project will also examine hypotheses that see land use change as a process of spatial or of cultural diffusion. This project will collect and analyze county-level data about land use decisions and their consequences for the population and the environment over more than a century in order to understand long-term, interactive, and recursive relationships. Researchers will measure the environment impact of population change through soil content and chemistry, and to a lesser extent through species diversity. They will measure the demographic impact of the environmental change through a variety of measures, including population density, migration, social, occupational, ethnic, age and sex structures, and the dynamics of families. This analysis will make use of statistical procedures that take into account spatial and temporal effects. The study will validate its findings and develop new hypotheses with in- depth research about a small sample of communities within the Great Plains. This research will involve a variety of methodologies: detailed analysis of manuscript censuses, tax records, and newspapers; interviews with farm families; and analysis of aerial photographs. The final stage of the project will be to follow these analyses with a model-building and simulation exercise that will first build long-term models of environmental change using the CENTURY soil model system. Then, the investigators will integrate the analysis of demographic and environmental change by building a demographic and social change component to add to the CENTURY model, and comparing the results of the modeling exercise with the historical record for the Great Plains.

该项目的主要目标是对长期的多学科研究 人口与环境之间关系的各个方面 美国的大平原。这个地区很重要，因为 大平原的草原覆盖了美国的很大一部分， 并受到相当大的环境变化的影响。这项研究 涉及对该地区和地区的人口经验的检查 环境的变化。该项目的理论基础是 许多来源，并针对递归改变的模型 人口和环境，其中一个因素之一会发生变化 在一次时间段中，在随后的时间段内影响另一个时间，因此 在。该项目还将研究将土地使用变化视为的假设 空间或文化扩散的过程。 该项目将收集和分析有关土地使用的县级数据 决策及其对人口和环境的后果 一个多世纪以来，以了解长期，互动性， 和递归关系。研究人员将衡量环境 人口通过土壤含量和化学变化的影响，以及 通过物种多样性较小的程度。他们将衡量人群 环境变化通过各种措施的影响， 包括人口密度，迁移，社会，职业，种族，年龄 和性结构以及家庭的动态。该分析将使 使用统计程序考虑了空间和时间 效果。 该研究将验证其发现，并通过In- 关于伟大的一小部分社区样本的深度研究 平原。这项研究将涉及多种方法：详细 分析手稿普查，税收记录和报纸；访谈 与农场家庭；和航拍照片的分析。 该项目的最后阶段将是通过 模型建设和模拟练习将首先建立长期 使用世纪土壤模型系统的环境变化模型。然后， 调查人员将整合人口统计的分析 通过建立人口和社会变革组成部分来改变环境 增加世纪模型，并比较建模的结果 与大平原的历史记录一起锻炼。