DEVELOPMENT OF A PREPARED DIET FOR CEPHALOPODS

头足类预制饮食的开发

• 批准号: 2282901
• 负责人: PHILLIP Grant LEE
• 金额: $ 17.53万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-03-10 至 1997-03-09
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2282901
• 关键词: Cephalopoda; alternatives to animals in research; animal care; animal colony; animal food; diet route /schedule; dietary aminoacid; food flavor; nutrient requirement; nutrition related tag; squid

Cephalopods are valuable marine molluscs that have become well- established research models in biomedicine, particularly in neurobiology and cell biology. Laboratory culture of squids and cuttlefishes has been refined recently, but high feeding costs (due to live diets) have been identified as the last major impediment to economical production. The unique feature of cephalopod nutrition that has been demonstrated in this grant is the nearly complete dependence on protein (i.e., amino acids) for (1) chemoattraction to foods, (2) energy metabolism and (3) growth. By comparison, carbohydrates and lipids play a minor role in energy metabolism. Furthermore, the rapid growth rates of cephalopods (3-10% body weight d-1) impose high demands on protein synthesis coincident with the demand for amino acid catabolism. This renewal is a request to conduct the final steps in formulating a nutritionally balanced diet for caphalopods. This entails quantification of the amino acid requirements of cephalopods, which will enable attainment of two major objectives: to formulate and evaluate a standard purified laboratory diet SPLD for basic science studies of nutrition, and to formulate and evaluate a practical moist pelleted diet (PMPD for the economical mass culture cephalopods. The PMPD would also become the vehicle for adding antibiotics to the diet. Specific Aims include (1) determining the essential amino acids needed by cephalopods, (2) determining the optimal balance of amino acids in a SPLD, (3) evaluating the attractability, palatability, and digestibility of the SPLD, (4) formulating a low-cost PMPD based upon the SPLD, (5) assessing the palatability of the PMPD and resultant animal growth, and (6) establishing cooperative programs to produce the SPLD and PMPD on a commercial scale. The accomplishment of these research aims represents the end-point for this research project, permitting commercialization of cephalopods.

头足类动物是有价值的海洋软体动物，已成为良好的 建立了生物医学，特别是神经生物学的研究模型 和细胞生物学。 鱿鱼和墨鱼的实验室养殖 最近进行了精炼，但饲养成本较高（由于活食） 被认为是经济生产的最后一个主要障碍。 头足类动物营养的独特特征已在 这种补助金几乎完全依赖于蛋白质（即氨基 酸）用于（1）食物的化学吸引力，（2）能量代谢和（3） 生长。 相比之下，碳水化合物和脂质在 能量代谢。 此外，头足类动物的快速生长速度 (3-10%体重d-1)对蛋白质合成提出高要求 与氨基酸分解代谢的需求一致。 此次更新是要求进行制定最终步骤 腕足类动物的营养均衡饮食。 这需要量化 头足类动物的氨基酸需求，这将使 实现两个主要目标：制定和评估标准 用于营养学基础科学研究的纯化实验室饮食 SPLD，以及 制定并评估实用的湿颗粒饲料（PMPD 经济的大众养殖头足类动物。 PMPD 也将成为 在饮食中添加抗生素的载体。 具体目标包括 (1) 确定头足类动物所需的必需氨基酸，(2) 确定 SPLD 中氨基酸的最佳平衡，(3) 评估 SPLD 的吸引力、适口性和消化率，(4) 基于 SPLD 制定低成本 PMPD，(5) 评估 PMPD 的适口性和由此产生的动物生长，以及 (6) 建立合作计划以生产 SPLD 和 PMPD 商业规模。 这些研究目标的完成代表着研究的终点 该研究项目允许头足类动物商业化。