Adolescent health behaviors in the time of COVID-19

COVID-19 时期的青少年健康行为

基本信息

批准号：
10318043
负责人：
Kimberly M Nelson
金额：
$ 72.83万
依托单位：
CENTER FOR INNOVATIVE PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-08-20 至 2026-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10318043
关键词：
17 year old Address Adolescent Adolescent Behavior Adult Affect Anal Sex Area Behavioral Birth COVID-19 COVID-19 pandemic Characteristics Communities Contraceptive Agents Contraceptive methods Data Decision Making Development Ecology Ensure Family Frequencies Future Gender Gender Identity HIV Health Health Policy Health Resources Health Services Health behavior Herd Immunity Home Individual Life Longitudinal cohort Longitudinal trends Maintenance Measures Mental Health Modeling Outcome Phase Policies Population Pregnancy Rate Public Health Reporting Research Safe Sex Schools Sex Behavior Sexual Health Sexual and Gender Minorities Sexually Transmitted Diseases Subgroup Surveys Testing Time United States Unsafe Sex Vaccination Vaccines Vagina Youth adolescent health adolescent sexual behavior adolescent sexual health condoms coronavirus disease design ethnic identity ethnic minority population experience health disparity health inequalities interest longitudinal analysis pandemic disease penis population health pre-exposure prophylaxis racial and ethnic recruit sex sexual HIV transmission sexual health intervention sexual identity social media substance use trend unintended pregnancy uptake vaccine distribution

项目摘要

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic and related public health policies (e.g., physical distancing, school closures, vaccine distribution) are likely impacting the short- and long-term sexual health behaviors of adolescents in the United States (US). Although essential to mitigate the effects of COVID-19 on population health, these necessary public health measures may be substantially disrupting the provision of and access to sexual health services (i.e., contraception, HIV/STI testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis [PrEP]). Further, emerging evidence underscores the drastic impact of physical distancing measures on sexual behaviors, as well as mental health and substance use. The nascent research in this area has been among adults. It is likely that these effects may be even more pronounced among adolescents given their developmental stage. Youth 13–17 years of age in the US are substantially burdened by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancies. Preliminary data suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic and related policies may be having both deleterious effects, including decreased access to STI testing, while also having potentially positive impacts, such as reduced opportunities for condomless sex acts on adolescent sexual health. The effects of COVID-19 and related policies on adolescent sexual health behaviors have yet to be systematically investigated, however. Further, COVID-19 may be amplifying existing sexual health disparities experienced by sexual and gender minority (SGM) and racial/ethnic minority youth. Given that COVID-19 is disproportionately impacting marginalized communities, it is particularly critical to understand how the pandemic is influencing the sexual health of youth facing health disparities. To investigate how the COVID-19 pandemic and related public health policies are impacting the sexual health behaviors of adolescents both in the short- and long-term, we propose to recruit via social media and survey online a longitudinal cohort of 2000 13–17-year-olds from across the US. SGM and racial/ethnic minority youth will be over-recruited. We will survey youth 12 times over the course of 3.5 years to: (1) Identify the immediate impact of COVID-19 on their sexual health behaviors (HIV/STI acquisition; unintended pregnancy; number of penile-vaginal and penile-anal sex acts, respectively; number of condom- and contraceptive-protected sex acts; HIV/STI testing; and PrEP uptake); (2) Identify longitudinal trends in sexual health behaviors as the COVID-19 pandemic and related public health policies change; and (3) Examine how trends vary by important subgroups of youth (i.e., by sex assigned at birth, gender, sexual identity, and racial/ethnic identity). The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically changed the lives of adolescents across the US in a very short amount of time. Understanding how this change relates to their sexual health behaviors will be critical to continuing to reduce health disparities among adolescents.

抽象的 COVID-19 大流行和相关公共卫生政策（例如保持身体距离、学校停课、疫苗）分布）可能会影响美国青少年的短期和长期性健康行为虽然对于减轻 COVID-19 对人口健康的影响至关重要，但这些也是必要的。公共卫生措施可能会严重扰乱性健康服务的提供和获取（即避孕、HIV/STI 检测、暴露前预防 [PrEP]）。强调保持身体距离措施对性行为以及心理健康的巨大影响该领域的新兴研究可能是针对成年人的。考虑到青少年的发展阶段，这种情况在青少年中可能更为明显。美国 13 至 17 岁的青少年深受性传播感染 (STI) 和初步数据表明，COVID-19 大流行和相关政策可能会影响意外怀孕。具有有害影响，包括减少获得性传播感染检测的机会，同时也有潜在的影响积极影响，例如减少无安全套性行为对青少年性健康的机会。 COVID-19和相关政策对青少年性健康行为的影响尚未系统地研究然而，进一步调查显示，COVID-19 可能会扩大现有的性健康差异。鉴于 COVID-19 的发病率不成比例，性少数群体 (SGM) 和种族/族裔青年人数也较多。由于影响边缘化社区，了解这一流行病如何影响边缘化社区尤为重要青少年性健康面临健康差异。调查 COVID-19 大流行和相关公共卫生政策如何影响性健康青少年的短期和长期行为，我们建议通过社交媒体和调查进行招募在网上对来自美国各地的 2000 名 13-17 岁青少年和少数族裔青少年进行了纵向队列研究。我们将在 3.5 年内对青年进行 12 次调查，以便： (1) 确定眼前的问题。 COVID-19 对性健康行为的影响（艾滋病毒/性传播感染、意外怀孕、性健康行为的数量）阴茎-阴道性行为和阴茎-肛交次数；使用避孕套和避孕药保护的性行为次数； (2) 确定性健康行为的纵向趋势 COVID-19 大流行和相关公共卫生政策的变化；以及 (3) 检查趋势如何随重要因素而变化；青年亚群体（即按出生时指定的性别、社会性别、性别认同和种族/民族认同）。 COVID-19 大流行在很短的时间内极大地改变了美国青少年的生活了解这种变化与他们的性健康行为的关系对于继续缩小青少年之间的健康差距。