Online education for high school students to reduce HIV and related sexual behavior risk

为高中生提供在线教育，以降低艾滋病毒和相关性行为风险

• 批准号: 10406366
• 负责人: Kimberly M Nelson
• 金额: $ 24.61万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-17 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10406366
• 关键词: 18 year old; AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Administrator; Adolescent; Adolescent Medicine Trials Network; Adult; Age; Aggressive behavior; Anal Sex; Anxiety; Behavioral; Communication; Communities; Complement; Consent; Critical Thinking; Development; E-learning; Education; Educational Curriculum; Elements; Feedback; General Population; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV risk; Health; Health Educators; Health education; Heterosexuals; High School Student; Home; Intention; Intervention; Intervention Trial; Interview; Knowledge; Learning; Learning Module; Longitudinal Studies; Mainstreaming; Mediation; Mental Depression; Outcome; Persons; Pilot Projects; Population; Pornography; Pre-Post Tests; Prevention approach; Process; Public Health; Randomized Controlled Trials; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; STI prevention; Sampling; Schools; Self Administration; Self-Direction; Sex Education; Sexual Health; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Strategic Planning; Students; Surveys; System; Testing; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Unsafe Sex; Visual; Youth; acceptability and feasibility; adolescent sexual behavior; base; behavior influence; behavioral outcome; comparative efficacy; condoms; data format; dating violence; design; evidence base; high school; infection risk; innovation; intervention effect; minority children; online delivery; online intervention; pilot test; prevent; primary outcome; programs; racial and ethnic; recruit; research and development; satisfaction; sex; sexual HIV transmission; sexual minority male; sexual minority youth; sexual risk behavior; sexual violence; skills; teacher; theories; therapy development; transmission process; web site

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) substantially burden youth 14– 18 years of age in the United States (US). Heightened risk for HIV/STI acquisition among adolescents is due in part to inadequate sexual health education (i.e., “sex ed”) in the US. Some youth lack access to accurate and relevant information about sex and HIV/STI prevention and turn to sexually explicit media (SEM) to learn how to have sex. Mainstream SEM often depicts high-risk sex including condomless sex and aggressive sex with no consent negotiation. Consequently, the 2020 version of the National Sex Education Standards for K-12 recommends that US schools educate students about SEM. Despite this, no evidence-based SEM education programs exist. The Co-PIs of this project have tested SEM education programs for youth, but their existing programs were either designed exclusively for sexual minority male youth, or focused on SEM but without HIV/STI education built in. The present project will be informed by elements of both prior SEM education programs and produce a new, theory-based, online SEM education module for all high school youth to be used as part of school-based sex ed. The new online module will focus on the unrealistic sex depicted in SEM and HIV/STI prevention and incorporate education about sexual consent and dating violence. Specifically, our Aim 1 formative research and intervention development process will: (1) Include in-depth formative interviews with the intended end-users and administrators of the SEM education, including 40 youth (ages 14-18), 10 school- based health educators, and 10 school administrators recruited from our partner school systems; (2) Use interview results to guide selection of content elements from our prior SEM education programs and tailor the content for the new population and setting; and (3) Refine module content choices and visuals using a Delphi process with 5 nationally-recognized sex ed and SEM experts. For Aim 2, we will pilot test the feasibility and acceptability of the online SEM module with a sample of 14-18 year old youth (N=40) recruited from our partner school systems. Youth will self-administer the SEM module at home and complete pre- and post-test surveys. A random subset of 20 will also be interviewed about intervention content and process. Primary outcomes are related to feasibility and acceptability including (a) user satisfaction; (b) intervention retention; and (c) research retention. We will also generate preliminary estimates of efficacy by comparing pre- and post- test scores on behavioral outcomes (condom use, HIV/STI testing, dating violence), behavioral intention outcomes (intentions to use condoms), and knowledge outcomes (HIV/STI-related knowledge, SEM-related knowledge). Consistent with stated priorities in the NIH Strategic Plan for HIV-Related Research, the proposed research constitutes a new and innovative HIV prevention approach within a sexual health wellness framework (i.e., sex ed) that will help to build connections with community-based partners (i.e., school systems) to prevent new HIV infections among adolescents.

项目概要/摘要 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 和性传播感染 (STI) 给青少年带来沉重负担 14– 美国 (US) 18 岁青少年感染艾滋病毒/性传播感染的风险较高。 部分原因是美国的性健康教育（即“性教育”）不足。 有关性和 HIV/STI 预防的相关信息，并转向露骨性媒体 (SEM) 了解如何 主流 SEM 经常描述高风险性行为，包括无套性行为和攻击性行为。 未经同意协商，2020 年版 K-12 国家性教育标准 建议美国学校对学生进行 SEM 教育，尽管如此，尚无基于证据的 SEM 教育。 该项目的共同负责人已经测试了针对青年的 SEM 教育计划，但他们现有的计划。 项目要么专门为性少数男性青年设计，要么专注于 SEM 但没有 内置 HIV/STI 教育。当前项目将借鉴之前 SEM 教育的要素 计划并制作一个新的、基于理论的在线 SEM 教育模块，供所有高中青少年使用 作为学校性教育的一部分，新的在线模块将重点关注 SEM 和 SEM 中描述的不切实际的性行为。 具体而言，我们的目标是预防艾滋病毒/性传播感染并纳入有关性同意和约会暴力的教育。 1 形成性研究和干预开发过程将： (1) 包括深入的形成性访谈 SEM 教育的预期最终用户和管理者，包括 40 名青少年（14-18 岁）、10 名学校- (2) 使用基础健康教育者，以及从我们的合作学校系统中招募的 10 名学校管理人员； 访谈结果可指导我们从之前的 SEM 教育计划中选择内容元素，并定制 针对新人群和环境的内容；(3) 使用 Delphi 优化模块内容选择和视觉效果 对于目标 2，我们将与 5 名国家认可的性教育和 SEM 专家一起进行试点测试。 在线 SEM 模块对从我们的 14-18 岁青年（N=40）中招募的样本的可接受性 青少年将在家中自行管理 SEM 模块并完成测试前和测试后。 还将随机采访 20 名参与者，了解初级干预的内容和过程。 结果与可行性和可接受性相关，包括 (a) 用户满意度；(b) 干预保留； (c) 研究保留率 我们还将通过比较前后效果来生成初步的疗效估计。 行为结果测试分数（安全套使用、艾滋病毒/性传播感染检测、约会暴力）、行为意图 成果（使用安全套的意愿）和知识成果（HIV/STI 相关知识、SEM 相关知识） 与 NIH 艾滋病毒相关研究战略计划中规定的优先事项一致，拟议的 研究构成了性健康框架内的一种新的创新性艾滋病毒预防方法 （即性教育）将有助于与社区合作伙伴（即学校系统）建立联系，以防止 青少年中出现新的艾滋病毒感染。