Understanding Community Obesity Initiatives and Informing Tailored Community Interventions to Reduce Childhood Obesity

了解社区肥胖倡议并为减少儿童肥胖的定制社区干预措施提供信息

• 批准号: 10275585
• 负责人: Russell R Pate
• 金额: $ 52.73万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10275585
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; African American; Age; Agreement; Behavior; Characteristics; Child; Communities; Consensus; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Diet; Eating; Ethnic Origin; Family; Goals; Health; Health Policy; Health Promotion; Hispanics; Home; Intervention; Methodology; Obesity; Overweight; Physical activity; Policies; Population; Poverty; Prevalence; Preventive service; Primary Prevention; Probability; Procedures; Professional Practice; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Race; Recommendation; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Sampling; Schools; Socioeconomic Status; Students; Subgroup; United States; Weight; analytical method; authority; base; classification trees; community based research; community intervention; disparity reduction; excessive weight gain; experience; health disparity; improved; innovation; junior high school; negative affect; next generation; nutrition; obesity in children; obesity treatment; prevent; programs; regression trees; response; secondary analysis; sex; social culture; socioeconomics; success; trend

Childhood obesity rates in the United States increased dramatically between the 1980’s and the 2000’s and remain high in all demographic sub-groups. The rates are particularly high in African American and Hispanic children. In response to these trends and following the recommendations of leading health authorities, many U.S. communities have implemented programs and policies aimed at improving children’s diets, increasing their physical activity levels, and reducing childhood obesity. However, the impact of these efforts has been limited, and neither research nor professional practice has yet identified the attributes of community programs and policies that are consistently successful in improving children’s diet, increasing their physical activity, and decreasing the probability that they will develop overweight or obesity. The overarching goal of the proposed research is to produce findings that inform public health policies and practices aimed at reducing disparities in the prevalence of childhood obesity. Specific aims will be to identify attributes of community programs and policies that are associated with children’s diet, physical activity and weight status within groups of communities, schools, and families stratified by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. These aims will be addressed by conducting secondary analyses in an existing dataset that includes in-depth observations of a diverse sample of over 5000 children and assessment of over 9500 community programs and policies to reduce childhood obesity in 130 U.S. communities. Further, within those communities, extensive data on school nutrition and physical activity policies, practices and resources are available for 274 elementary and 149 middle schools. A home-based data collection protocol provided anthropometric data as well as detailed information on children’s diet and physical activity behaviors. Two analytic methods, Classification and Regression Trees (CART) and Gradient Boosting Machines (GBM), will be employed in examining relationships between attributes of community programs and policies and children’s diet, physical activity and weight status. These analytic procedures will be conducted within sub-groups of communities, schools and families stratified by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status profiles. The findings of the proposed study will enable researchers and practitioners to tailor community-based interventions to the characteristics of demographic sub-groups. This research will be significant because it will inform strategies for preventing childhood obesity in communities and population sub-groups that are disproportionately affected by the negative consequences of obesity. The study will be innovative because it will apply state-of-the-art analytical methods using a dataset that is uniquely large and comprehensive.

1980 年代至 2000 年代，美国儿童肥胖率急剧上升 在所有人口亚群体中，这一比例仍然很高，其中非裔美国人和西班牙裔美国人的比例尤其高。 为了应对这些趋势并遵循主要卫生当局的建议，许多人采取了行动。 美国社区实施了旨在改善儿童饮食、增加儿童饮食的计划和政策 然而，这些努力的影响却是有限的。 有限，研究和专业实践都尚未确定社区计划的属性 以及在改善儿童饮食、增加他们的身体活动方面持续成功的政策，以及 降低他们超重或肥胖的可能性 该提议的总体目标。 研究的目的是得出结论，为旨在减少差异的公共卫生政策和做法提供信息 具体目标是确定社区计划的特点和 与儿童饮食、体力活动和体重状况相关的政策 按种族/族裔和社会经济地位分层的社区、学校和家庭。 通过在现有数据集中进行二次分析来解决，其中包括对某个数据集的深入观察 超过 5000 名儿童的不同样本以及对超过 9500 个社区计划和政策的评估 减少美国 130 个社区的儿童肥胖率 为 274 所小学和大学提供了学校营养和体育活动政策、做法和资源。 149 所中学的家庭数据收集协议提供了人体测量数据以及详细的数据。 有关儿童饮食和身体活动行为的信息，两种分析方法，分类和。 回归树（CART）和梯度提升机（GBM）将用于检查 社区计划和政策的属性与儿童的饮食、身体活动和健康之间的关系 这些分析程序将在社区、学校和社区的小组内进行。 拟议研究的结果将按种族/民族和社会经济地位进行分层。 使研究人员和从业者能够根据社区的特点制定基于社区的干预措施 这项研究意义重大，因为它将为预防策略提供信息。 受肥胖影响尤为严重的社区和人口亚群体中的儿童肥胖问题 这项研究将具有创新性，因为它将应用最先进的分析方法。 使用独特的大型且全面的数据集的方法。